锅炉回燃室前管板(端)裂纹成因分析与优化措施——以WNS型燃气蒸汽锅炉为例  

Cause Analysis and Optimization Measures of Crack in Front Tube Plate(End)of Boiler Reburning Chamber——A Case Study on WNS Gas Steam Boiler

作　　者：官伟[1] GUAN Wei(Neijiang Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Institute,Neijiang 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]内江市特种设备监督检验所,四川内江641000

出　　处：《工业技术创新》2020年第2期64-68,共5页Industrial Technology Innovation

摘　　要：以WNS型燃气蒸汽锅炉为例,对回燃室前管板(端)裂纹成因进行分析。研究发现:在结构设计方面,烟管长度设计超标,使得回燃室烟气温度过高,致使管孔区出现短裂纹;在制造工艺方面,制造单位未按照行业标准要求控制回燃室前管板(端)长度,也未按照操作步骤先胀管后焊接,致使烟管与回燃室前管板之间的间隙超标;在运行规程方面,燃烧器火焰长度调整过长、锅炉启停频繁、锅炉内局部区域水循环不良、水质不达标等因素,造成烟气温度过高、热负荷波动大、冷却效果不佳等问题,共同导致回燃室前管板(端)产生裂纹。提出了优化锅炉结构设计,加强锅炉安装环节的监督检验,强化使用单位对锅炉运行的管理制度建设等。优化措施对安全使用有参考作用。Taking WNS gas steam boiler as an example,the causes of cracks on the front tube plate(end)of the reburning chamber are analyzed.It is found that:in the structural design,the length of the flue gas tube exceeds the standard,which causes the flue gas temperature of the reburning chamber to be too high,resulting in short cracks in the tube hole area;in the manufacturing process,the manufacturing unit did not control the length of the front tube plate(end)of the reburning chamber per the requirements of the industry standards,and did not expand the tube before welding per the operation steps,resulting in the gap between the flue gas tube and the front tube plate of the reburning chamber exceeding the standard;in the operation procedures,factors including the long flame length adjustment of the burner,frequent start and stop of the boiler,poor water circulation in some areas of the boiler and substandard water quality result in problems including high flue gas temperature,large fluctuation of heat load and poor cooling effect,which together lead to cracks in the front tube plate(end)of the reburning chamber.Measures such as optimizing the structure design of the boiler,strengthening the supervision and inspection of the boiler installation procedure and strengthening the management principle establishment of the boiler operation by the user unit are put forward.Measures have reference value for the safe use of the boiler.

关 键 词：WNS型燃气蒸汽锅炉 回燃室 前管板(端) 裂纹 热负荷 结构设计 

分 类 号：TK229.8[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]