橄榄球运动损伤特征、影响因素及监控策略研究  

Characteristics,Influential Factors and Monitoring Strategies of Rugby Injuries

作　　者：刘恒源[1] 刘志云[2] 哈建伟 金宗强[4] 邸世晶 LIU Hengyuan;LIU Zhiyun;HA Jianwei((1.School of P.E. & Educational Science, Tianjin Univ. of Sport, Tianjin 301600, China;Tianjin Univ. of Sport, Tianjin 301600, China;School of Social Sports & Health Science, Tianjin Univ. of Sport, Tianjin 301600, China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院体育教育与教育科学学院,天津301600 [2]天津体育学院,天津301600 [3]天津体育学院社会体育与健康科学学院,天津301600 [4]天津体育学院研究生处,天津301600 [5]天津体育学院体育文化学院,天津301600

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2020年第5期75-81,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金项目(16JCYBJC29100)。

摘　　要：橄榄球运动具有团体性项目中最为激烈的对抗性,这导致橄榄球运动员出现运动损伤的风险是显著的,因此如何针对橄榄球运动损伤进行有效预防成为教练员和运动员们所关注的内容。该研究主要基于英语文献,对橄榄球项目的运动损伤特征、影响因素及监控策略进行了梳理与分析,研究表明(1)橄榄球运动员的损伤类型、部位和严重程度具有明显的橄榄球专项特征,依据橄榄球运动员主要损伤类型、部位及严重程度采取针对性的预防措施能够降低球队的伤病风险;(2)橄榄球运动员运动损伤的影响因素主要包括伤病史、比赛与训练负荷、竞技水平、年龄与性别、接触动作、球员位置以及疲劳,依据运动损伤影响因素对训练和比赛过程进行合理控制能够减少运动损伤对球队整体竞技能力的影响;(3)橄榄球运动员的损伤监控策略主要包括运动损伤预筛查、建立运动损伤监测系统以及进行多学科合作参与,通过对橄榄球运动损伤监控策略的应用和探索可以从根源上提高橄榄球队的运动损伤监控效果。Rugby has the fiercest rivalries of team sports,so the risk of injury for rugby players is significant and how to effectively prevent injuries has become the focus of coaches and athletes.This study mainly focused on literature in English,characteristics,influencing factors,prevention and control strategies of sports injuries in rugby were analyzed.It was shown that:(1)types,parts and severity of rugby players were characteristics of rugby injury.Specific precautions based on the major injury type,parts and severity of could reduce the team's injury risk.The influential factors included injury history,competition and training load,athletic level,age and gender,contact movement,player position,and fatigue.According to the influential factors,reasonable control of training and competition process could reduce the influences of sports injury on the competitive ability.The strategies of injury monitoring for rugby players mainly included pre-screening of sports injuries,establishment of sports injury monitoring system and multi-disciplinary cooperation.The application and exploration of rugby injury monitoring strategy could improve the effect of rugby team's sports injury monitoring.

关 键 词：橄榄球 损伤特征 影响因素 监控策略 综述 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]