早熟鲜食秋蚕豆主要农艺性状与鲜食产量相关及通径分析  

Correlation and Path Analysis of Major Agronomic Traits to Fresh Yield of Early-mature and Autumn-sowing Faba Bean(Vicia faba L.)

作　　者：于海天[1] 王丽萍[1] 吕梅媛[1] 杨峰[1] 唐永生 丁明亮[1] 王勤方 胡朝芹 杨新 王玉宝[1] 何玉华[1] YU Hai-tian;WANG Li-ping;Lü Mei-yuan;YANG Feng;TANG Yong-sheng;DING Ming-liang;WANG Qin-fang;HU Chao-qin;YANG Xin;WANG Yu-bao;HE Yu-hua(Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Qujing Academy of Agricul­tural Sciences,Yunnan Qujing 655000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]曲靖市农业科学院,云南曲靖655000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第4期711-717,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家食用豆产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-08-G07);国家农作物种质资源保护项目(2018NWB036-07-B)。

摘　　要：【目的】确定早熟鲜食蚕豆主要农艺性状对鲜食产量性状的直接和间接作用及其决定系数,为鲜食蚕豆品种选育过程中相关优良性状的选择提供理论依据。【方法】以13份早熟鲜食蚕豆的15个主要农艺性状与2个鲜食产量性状进行相关及通径分析。【结果】单株粒数、实荚数、成荚节数、鲜籽粒百粒重、鲜荚宽的变异系数分别为28.57%、19.56%、18.56%、17.51%、17.39%,其可选择性较强,可通过育种、栽培等方式获得较大程度的改善;2个产量因素中变异系数大小顺序为鲜豆米产量>鲜荚产量。相关性及变异性分析结果表明,有效枝数、成荚节数、实荚数、单株粒数与鲜荚产量呈极显著正相关;出米率与鲜豆米产量呈极显著正相关;鲜荚产量、鲜豆米产量间呈显著正相关。通径分析结果表明,有效枝数、实荚数对鲜荚产量的直接作用为正向,且相关系数为极显著正相关,品种选育时,应结合各因素直接、间接作用的重要性,着重2因素的选择;出米率是影响鲜豆米产量的直接因素。【结论】在云南地区早熟鲜食蚕豆的选育过程中,鲜荚产量具有较好的稳定性,应以其为主要育种目标,并以有效枝数、实荚数为主要参考性状,协同成荚节数、单株粒数进行选择;以鲜豆米产量为育种目标时,应在鲜荚产量表现较好的品种中,以出米率为主要性状进行选择。【Objective】In order to provide the theoretical basis for breeding of vegetable faba bean,the direct or indirect effects of major agronomic traits on fresh grain yield of early-mature and autumn-sowing faba bean and the coefficient of determination were determined.【Method】Thirteen cultivars of early-mature and autumn-sowing faba bean were used to carry out the correlation and path analysis of 15 major agronomic traits to 2 kinds of fresh yield.【Result】The results showed that the coefficient of variation(c.v.)of seed per plant,pod per plant,nodes of having pods,100 fresh seed weight and width of fresh pod were 28.57%,19.56%,18.56%,17.51%and 17.39%,respectively.These traits could be improved by breeding or farming practices.The largest c.v.of yield was cotyledon yield followed by seed yield.Number of effective branches,nodes of having pods,pods per plant and seed per plant had extremely significant correlation with yield of fresh pod.The rate of producing cotyledon had extremely significant correlation with yield of fresh cotyledon.Yield of fresh cotyledon and pod had significant correlation with each other.Path analysis showed that both number of effective branches,pods per plant had positive direct effect and had extremely significant correlation with yield of fresh pod.Both of them should be the main traits in breeding programs,selection should be based on the characteristics of the traits which we were more interested in.Rate of producing cotyledon affected cotyledon yield.【Conclusion】Among all the yield traits,pod yield showed significantly lower variation and should be the focus of our breeding program in Yunnan province.When yield of pod was the target of breeding,number of effective branches and pods per plant should be the main selecting traits combining with nodes of having pods and seed per plant.When yield of cotyledon was the target of breeding,rate of producing cotyledon was the main selecting trait.

关 键 词：早熟秋蚕豆 鲜食产量 农艺性状 相关分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S643[农业科学—蔬菜学]