滇黄精营养器官的组织结构及组织化学定位研究  

Research on Tissue Structure and Histochemistry Localization from Different Vegetative Organs of Polygonatum kingianum

作　　者：朱新焰[1] 杨竹雅 杜春华 王家金[1] 钱均祥[1] 曾彪[4] 王丽[1] 张智慧[1] 石亚娜[1] 丛琨 冷燕 杨雁[1] 杜慧 季鹏章[1,2] ZHU Xin-yan;YANG Zhu-ya;DU Chun-hua;WANG Jia-jin;QIAN Jun-xiang;ZENG Biao;WANG Li;ZHANG Zhi-hui;SHI Ya-na;CONG Kun;LENG Yan;YANG Yan;DU Hui;JI Peng-zhang(Institute of Medicinal Plant,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650223,China;Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yunnan Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Technician College,Yunnan Kunming 650300,China;Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciencess Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;School of Biotechnology and Engineering,West Yunnan U-niversity,Yunnan Lincang 677000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650223 [2]云南中医药大学,云南昆明650500 [3]云南技师学院,云南昆明650300 [4]云南省农业科学院,云南昆明650205 [5]滇西科技师范学院生物技术与工程学院,云南临沧677000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第4期734-741,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760347);云南省级环境保护专项资金项目(2014BI006);云南省科技计划项目(2015FB161、2017AB002、2018ZF010-1);云南省技术创新人才培养项目(2018HB085)。

摘　　要：【目的】对滇黄精各营养器官进行显微结构和组织化学定位研究,明确滇黄精各器官的组织结构特点和主要化学成分的分布积累特征。【方法】分别制作滇黄精根、根茎、茎和叶片横切片,运用显微镜观察各器官的组织构造,利用组织化学定位方法对多糖和皂苷类成分进行定位及分布数量分析。【结果】明确了滇黄精各器官的组织形态及构造特点;多糖类物质主要分布在皮层基本薄壁组织、黏液细胞、维管束及少数厚壁组织细胞中。皂苷则主要分布在表皮、皮层基本薄壁组织及厚壁组织细胞中。多糖类及皂苷类物质在各器官的分布量由高到低的顺序均为根茎、叶片、茎及根。【结论】滇黄精各营养器官的结构特征可以作为药材鉴别的依据;四种器官均有多糖与皂苷分布,但两者分布的部位及组织细胞有所不同。在相同观察视野面积下,叶片等部位也有较高的分布量,应注重对叶、茎、根等非药用部位的开发利用。研究结果可为滇黄精资源的综合利用提供参考依据。【Objective】Study on tissue microstructure and histochemistry localization from different organs of Polygonatum kingianum could clarify the histological characteristics and the distribution and accumulation characteristics of the main chemical components of Polygonatum kingianum.【Method】The cross section of root,rootstock,stem and leaf of Polygonatum kingianum were prepared,and the histological structure of each organ was observed by microscopy.The distribution and quantity of polysaccharides and saponins were analyzed by histochemical localization.【Result】The histomorphology and structural characteristics of the organs of Polygonatum kingianum were clarified.The Polysaccharides were mainly distributed in cortical parenchyma,vascular bundles and a few sclerenchyma cells.The Saponins were mainly distributed in epidermis,cortex parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells.The order of distribution of the two substances in each organ from high to low was rootstock,leaf,stem and root.【Conclusion】The tissue structural characteristics of the vegetative organs of Polygonatum kingianum could be used as a basis for the identification of medicinal materials.The distribution of polysaccharide and saponin was found in all four organs,but the distribution of polysaccharide and saponin was different in different parts and tissues.In the same visual field,the content of leaves and other parts was relatively high,so we should pay attention to the development and utilization of non-medicinal parts such as leaf,stem and root.This study could provide a reference for the comprehensive utilization of Polygonatum kingianum resources.

关 键 词：滇黄精 器官 组织结构 多糖 皂苷 组织化学 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]