敦煌祁家湾新出魏晋式盘研究  

A Study on theWei-Jin Dynasties Astrolabe Newly Found in the Qijiawan Tombs at Dunhuang

作　　者：马洪连 张俊民[1] MA Honglian;ZHANG Junmin(Gansu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省文物考古研究所,甘肃兰州73000

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2020年第2期84-92,共9页Dunhuang Research

摘　　要：式盘又称栻,是由天盘、地盘合二为一组合的占测日时吉凶的器具。各地出土的式盘有文字、构图的差异,而天盘的北斗七星图、十二月将(神)和地盘的八干、十二支、二十八宿、四门是其核心。2013年敦煌祁家湾墓葬出土一套保存基本完好的漆木式盘,与已知式盘比校,试图考察式盘的结构特点。The astrolabe,or shì“栻”,is a divination tool which combines a“sun plate”and an“earth plate.”Although there are differences in text and composition,several features remain constant,including the Big Dipper and the Twelve Gods on the sun plate,and the eight stems,twelve earthly branches,28 Lunar Mansions,and four gates on the earth plate.In 2013,a well-preserved lacquered wood astrolabe was unearthed from the Qijiawan tombs at Dunhuang.This paper compares it with the variety of astrolabes presently understood and attempts to summarize the features of the astrolabes known today with a discussion on their structural characteristics.

关 键 词：祁家湾墓群 汉晋时期 式盘 占卜术 

分 类 号：B992.2[哲学宗教—宗教学] K875.98[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]