高分五号可见短波红外高光谱相机在轨辐射性能评估  

Evaluation of GF-5 AHSI on-orbit instrument radiometric performance

作　　者：刘银年[1,2,3] 孙德新 曹开钦[1] 刘书锋 柴孟阳 梁建[2] 原娟[3] LIU Yinnian;SUN Dexin;CAO Kaiqin;LIU Shufeng;CHAI Mengyang;LIANG jian;YUAN Juan(CAS Key Laboratory of Infrared System Detection and Imaging Technologies,Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Shanghai 200083,China;Nantong Academy of Intelligent Sensing,Nantong 226000,China;Qidong Optoelectronic Remote Sensing Center,Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qidong 226200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,中国科学院红外探测与成像技术重点实验室,上海200083 [2]南通智能感知研究院,南通226000 [3]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,启东光电遥感中心,启东226200

出　　处：《遥感学报》2020年第4期352-359,共8页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(编号:A0106/1112);国家高技术研究发展计划(编号:2008AA121101)。

摘　　要：对遥感器及其图像的在轨辐射性能(信噪比、相对辐射定标精度、绝对辐射定标精度和动态范围)评估是检验遥感器定量应用能力的重要任务之一。本文结合高分五号卫星可见短波红外高光谱相机AHSI(the Advanced Hyperspectral Imager)在轨性能评估任务,依据卫星发射以来的在轨测试数据,介绍了AHSI相机在轨辐射性能评估的原理、方法及相应测试情况。测试结果表明:AHSI信噪比可见近红外最高达到近700,短波红外最高达到近500;相对辐射定标精度误差小于0.5%,星上绝对辐射定标不确定度小于3%,场地绝对辐射定标真实性检验精度误差小于5%;动态范围在轨可见短波均可以256档增益精细调整。AHSI在轨辐射性能良好且稳定,能够有效支持后续定量化应用需求。The Advanced Hyperspectral Imager(AHSI),one of the six payloads on China's GF-5 satellite that was launched on May 9,2018,is a visible/short-wave infrared hyperspectral imager built by Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics(SITP),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).In order to verify and validate the on-orbit radiometric performance of AHSI,and improve quantitative application of the AHSI data,the instrument conducts on-orbit radiometric characterizations from June 2018 to April 2019.Solar calibration and vicarious calibration were both utilized.Observational and calibration data of well-known calibration sites,such as,Dunhuang and Baotou calibration field in China,were acquired and analyzed to determine whether the pre-flight characterization was still applicable to on-orbit operations.These data was used to measure specific instrument parameters,such as,in corresponding order,(1)Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR),(2)relative and absolute radiometric calibration accuracy,(3)uncertainty of on orbit absolute radiometric calibration,(4)validation accuracy of site absolute radiometric calibration,(5)dynamic range and(6)radiometric performance stability.The definition of these parameters as well as the acquisition of the coefficients of relative and absolute radiometric calibration has been illustrated.Results show that the SNR of AHSI reaches up to 700 at a wavelength of about 500 nm,and 500 at a wavelength of about 1500 nm,the error of relative and absolute radiometric calibration are smaller than 0.5%and 3%,respectively,the uncertainty of on orbit absolute radiometric calibration is within 2.59%(VNIR)and 2.68%(SWIR),the error of the validation of site absolute radiometric calibration is smaller than 5%,and the dynamic range can be fined with 256 gain.In particular,with the image motion compensating,the integration time can be prolonged and the SNR can be further increased,therefore,object/region with weak signal,such as,the sea/lake,the Antarctic and the Arctic can also be observed.In addition,the variation of the dark leve

关 键 词：遥感 高分五号(GF-5) 高光谱相机 在轨测试 辐射性能 信噪比 辐射定标 真实性检验 动态范围 

分 类 号：V443.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]