基于模型预测及自适应减的海洋单道地震多次波衰减  

Optimal processing of marine single channel seismic data

作　　者：易锋[1] 肖昌荣 刘斌[1] 徐军[1] YI Feng;XIAO Changrong;LIU Bin;XU Jun(Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China)

机构地区：[1]广州海洋地质调查局,广州510075

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2020年第2期178-183,共6页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0306706)。

摘　　要：海洋高分辨率单道地震,在海洋基础地质调查、环境工程调查以及水合物调查中的应用非常广泛。与海洋多道地震一样,单道地震也存在多次波非常发育的问题。由于处理手段比较单一,单道地震的多次波衰减相比于多道地震多次波压制更为困难。这里采用基于模型预测和自适应衰减的两步法来衰减单道地震上的多次波,首先采用基于自褶积的方法预测多次波模型,然后采用自适应方法从原始数据中减去多次波模型。将该方法运用于南海北部陆坡某海域采集的单道地震数据,效果较好,残余的多次波在地震数据上表现为随机噪音,进一步采用FX预测反褶积方法进行衰减,得到高质量的成果剖面。Marine high-resolution single channel seismic is widely used to investigate the basic geology,environment engineering geology and the gas hydrates.Just like its multichannel seismic counterpart,single channel seismic also is severely contaminated by the multiples.Attenuation of multiples of single channel seismic is more challenge due to the lack of approaches.This paper proposed a two-steps method which is based on the prediction and subtraction.Firstly,multiple model is predicted using the auto-convolution method.Then,the multiple model is adaptively subtracted from the original seismic data.This two-steps method was applied to the real single channel data acquired in the northern south China sea.Multiples were attenuated strongly.Residual multiples behave as random noise and were further attenuated using the FX predictive deconvolution.Final results demonstrate that our approach is effective.

关 键 词：海洋高分辨率单道地震 FX预测反褶积 多次波模拟 自适应减 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]