低能耗脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器的三维数值模拟及工程应用  

Three-dimensional numerical simulation and engineering application of pulsejet cleaning bag filter under low energy consumption

作　　者：董一杰 张磊 张松 DONG Yijie;ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Song(School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300131,China;Sinoma Technology and Equipment Group Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300400,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学人工智能与数据科学学院,天津300131 [2]中材装备集团有限公司,天津300400

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2020年第3期761-771,共11页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(F2015202231);河北省科技计划项目(13394305D)。

摘　　要：以袋式除尘器装置为研究对象,考虑射流偏移,建立了脉冲喷吹清洁的三维CFD数值模型,并进行实验验证;对喷嘴与文丘里管优化设计,修改数值模型,研究了低能耗下的脉冲喷吹清灰效果;在将改进的喷嘴与文丘里管进行工程应用的过程中,研究了其对大气粉尘排放的影响。结果表明,建立的三维CFD模型展现出了高瞬态行为和可压缩效应,即在射流中表现出涡流环与冲击单元现象。与孔喷嘴相比,改进后的喷嘴设计对射流偏移进行了调整,并且使滤袋内脉冲压力增加了5.1%~13.3%,提升了清灰效果。对比喉部直径为85 mm的文丘里管,无文丘里管的设计使得射流不易进入滤袋中,导致滤袋内脉冲压力降低了41.4%~46.3%,引起清灰效果的下降;减小文丘里管喉部直径,可以减少回流,提升滤袋内脉冲压力,改善清灰效果。对比原始装置,安装了改进喷嘴与文丘里管的袋式除尘器能明显降低大气粉尘排放,以上研究结果可为脉冲喷吹清灰除尘器的优化设计提供参考。In this study,the bag filter device was taken as the research object,a three-dimensional CFD numerical model of pulse-jet cleaning was established and proved by experiments under the consideration of jet misalignment.In the validated CFD model,the pulse-jet cleaning under low energy consumption has been studied by optimizing the design of the nozzle and Venturi tube and modifying the numerical model.The improved nozzle and Venturi tube were used in actual engineering to study their effects on dust emissions.The results illustrated that the validated CFD model revealed a highly transient behavior and the compressible effects,that was the formation of vortex rings and the shock cell phenomenon within the jet.Compared with the hole nozzle,the improved design of nozzle had an appropriate adjustment to the jet misalignment,which led to the increase of the pulse-pressure in the filter bag by 5.1%~13.3% and the cleaning efficiency improvement.Compared with a Venturi tube with the throat diameter of 85 mm,the design with no Venturi tube could result in difficult entering the filter bag of the jet,which led to the decrease of the pulse-pressure in the filter bag by41.4%~46.3% and a decrease in the cleaning efficiency.Also,the reduction of the throat diameter of Venturi tube could reduce backflow,elevate the pulse-pressure in the filter bag and improve the cleaning efficiency.Compared with the original device,a bag filter with improved nozzle and Venturi tube can significantly reduce dust emissions.This study can provide reference for the optimal design of pulse-jet cleaning bag filter.

关 键 词：低能耗 脉冲喷吹 袋式除尘器 三维模型 射流偏移 计算流体动力学 优化设计 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]