气候障碍因子对城市绿化适生树种选择的影响--以上海世博公园为例  

The Influence of Climate Obstacle Factors on the Selection of Suitable Tree Species for Urban Greening--Taking Shanghai World Expo Park as an Example

作　　者：张冬梅 张浪 有祥亮 崔健 曹福亮[4] ZHANG Dongmei;ZHANG Lang;YOU Xiangliang;CUI Jian;CAO Fuliang

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学规划研究院,上海200232 [2]上海市园林科学规划研究院植物研究所 [3]昆山市住房和城乡建设局,昆山215300 [4]中国工程院

出　　处：《中国园林》2020年第5期94-98,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部科技研发项目“城市三种典型困难立地生态园林化关键技术研究与工程应用”(编号2018-K6-001);上海市科委重点研发项目“上海‘四化’生态网络空间综合评价与质量提升关键技术研究及集成示范”(编号19DZ1203301)共同资助。

摘　　要：通过对上海近30年的气候因子汇总分析,结合对上海世博公园主要绿化树种生长状况调查和年度生物量计算,通过典型相关性分析发现,极端高低温、强风和暴雨等5个气候因子对树木的生长产生了不同程度的影响,有些因子严重阻碍了树木的正常生长,成为障碍因子。经过10年的绿化实践验证,上海世博公园对骨干树种的选择,以乡土树种为主,群落结构较为稳定,且气候障碍因子对乡土树种的影响较小。在引种外来树种时,采用气候相似植物区系法,结合植物耐寒、耐热带图,把种源地划分为2个气候带和3个植物区系,并确定了最南引种线,成功引种了红花槭等20种观花色叶乔木树种。Based on the analysis of the climate factors in the past 30 years in Shanghai,combined with the investigation of the biomass of the main tree species in Shanghai World Expo Park,and their performance under the extreme climate factors,it was confirmed that the 5 climate factors,such as extreme high and low temperature,strong wind and rainstorm,made influences on the normal growth of greening trees and became the obstacle factors.After 10 years of greening practice,native tree species were successfully applied in Shanghai World Expo Park,and the impact of climate barriers on native tree species was smaller.In the introduction of exotic tree species,the provenance was divided into 2 climatic zones and 3 flora by adopting the method of climate similarity flora and combining with the cold and tropical tolerance map of plants,and nearly 20 species of color leaf ornamental tree species such as Acer rubrum were successfully introduced.

关 键 词：园林植物 气候障碍因子 城市绿化 适生树种 选择 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]