组织工程皮肤的血管化策略和未来方向  

Blood vessel strategy and future direction of tissue engineered skin

作　　者：黄声震 吕长胜 HUANG Sheng-zhen;LÜChang-sheng(Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing City,100144,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院整形外科医院,北京100144

出　　处：《中国医疗美容》2020年第4期109-114,共6页China Medical Cosmetology

摘　　要：皮肤组织工程是修复重建外科中快速发展且相对成熟的领域,通过人造皮肤替代物的植入,能促进伤口快速愈合,防止体液丢失和感染。然而目前尚无具备完整生物学性能的完美人工皮肤产品,主要存在以下问题:缺乏皮肤附属结构如毛囊、皮脂腺及神经,生物相容性及生物力学性能欠佳、植入后无法快速血管化、感染、疤痕形成等,皮肤移植后的早期阶段营养物质供应及废物的排泄问题。所以快速血管化是组织工程皮肤存活的关键,目前各项基础研究致力于组织工程皮肤的快速血管形成策略,从血管形成微环境出发,包括支架方面、细胞方面、基因方面及其他新兴技术,这里将对此类研究展开综述。Skin tissue engineering is a rapidly growing and relatively mature field in repair and reconstruction surgery. The implantation of arti ficial skin substitutes can promote rapid healing of wounds and prevent fluid loss and infection. However, there is currently no perfect artificial skin product with complete biological properties. The main problems are: lack of skin accessory structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands and nerves, poor biocompatibility and biomechanical properties, slow vascularization after implantation, Infection, scar formation, etc., the supply of nutrients and the excretion of waste in the early stage after skin transplantation are mainly achieved by the in filtration of the wound surface of the body. Therefore, rapid vascularization is the key to the survival of tissue-engineered skin. At present, various basic researches are devoted to the rapid angiogenesis strategy of tissue- engineered skin, starting from the vascular microenvironment, including scaffolding, cell, genetic and other emerging technologies. A review of such research will be conducted.

关 键 词：人工皮肤 组织工程 新血管形成 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]