黑果枸杞茎叶生长及其生态化学计量特征对灌水施肥的响应  

Effects of irrigation and fertilization on the stem and leaf growth and ecostoichiometric characteristics of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.

作　　者：李发奎 李金霞[1] 孙小妹[1] 陈年来[1] LI Fa-kui;LI Jin-xia;SUN Xiao-mei;CHEN Nian-lai(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2020年第2期452-461,共10页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：甘肃省农业生物技术开发应用专项(GNSW-2015-17)。

摘　　要：在石羊河中游田间条件下,通过灌水和施肥调节黑果枸杞生长。测定不同时期黑果枸杞茎、叶生长量及其化学计量学特征变化,分析器官水平生长速率与化学计量学特征的关系,验证生态化学计量学理论"生长速率假说"。灌水施肥显著促进了茎长、基径和叶片长、宽及叶干重的生长(P<0.05),而茎长、基径、叶面积和叶干重的相对生长速率与对照之间无显著差异。各处理下黑果枸杞新梢C含量及C∶N、C∶P随生育期进程呈增加趋势,而N、P及N∶P呈降低趋势;灌水和施肥处理后茎C含量及C∶N、C∶P、N∶P低于对照,茎N、P含量高于对照。各处理叶片C、N、P含量在生育期内呈降低趋势,而C∶N、C∶P及N∶P呈增加趋势;灌水和施肥后叶片C含量及C∶N、C∶P、N∶P低于对照,叶片N、P含量高于对照。茎C含量及C∶N、C∶P显著高于叶片(P<0.05),而N、P含量及N∶P显著低于叶片(P<0.05)。生长速率假说认为,生物个体的生长速率与体内的N∶P、C∶P具有负相关关系,与N、P含量呈显著的正相关关系。各处理黑果枸杞茎、叶的生长速率与其N、P含量及C∶P、N∶P总体相关性不显著。表明施肥灌水调节下黑果枸杞茎叶生长及化学计量学特征不支持生长速率假说。Lycium ruthenicum Murr.was grown under field conditions in the middle reaches of Shiyang River in China in the presence and absence of irrigation and fertilization,and stem and leaf growth at different stages and ecostoichiometric characteristics of the species were measured.Associations between organ growth rates and ecostoichiometric characteristics were analyzed,and the growth rate hypothesis of the ecostoichiometric theory was tested.Irrigation and fertilization significantly increased stem length,basal diameter,leaf length,leaf width,and leaf dry weight of L.ruthenicum (P<0.05);however,there were no significant differences in stem length,basal diameter,leaf area,and leaf dry weight between treated plants and controls.During the growth period,new L.ruthenicum shoots showed increased C content and C∶N and C∶P ratios and decreased N and P contents and N∶P ratio.Furthermore,stems of treated plants showed lower C content and C∶N,C∶P,and N∶P ratios but higher N and P contents than those of controls.During the growth period,leaves showed decreased C,N,and P contents and increased C∶N,C∶P,and N∶P ratios.Leaves of treated plants showed lower C content and C∶N,C∶P,and N∶P ratios but higher N and P contents than those of controls.Stems showed significantly higher C content and C∶N and C∶P ratios (P<0.05) but significantly lower N and P contents and N∶P ratio (P<0.05) than leaves.The growth rate hypothesis states that the individual growth rate is negatively correlated to N∶P and C∶P ratios and positively correlated to N and P contents in vivo.In the present study,there were no significant correlations of stem and leaf growth rates of L.ruthenicum with N and P contents and C∶P and N∶P ratios,indicating that stem and leaf growth rates and ecostoichiometric characteristics of L.ruthenicum did not support the growth rate hypothesis under irrigation and fertilization.

关 键 词：黑果枸杞 茎叶生长 生态化学计量学 生长速率假说 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]