建筑裂缝近景摄影测量法观测与空间模型建立  

Observation and spatial model establishment of building crack based on close-range photogrammetry

作　　者：高旭光 刘辉[2,3] GAO Xuguang;LIU Hui(School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China;School of Mining and Geomatics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学土木工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [3]河北工程大学矿业与测绘学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期646-652,共7页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774007);安徽省高等学校自然科学研究重大资助项目(KJ2019ZD53);河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才计划资助项目(BJ2016010);安徽省高等学校自然科学研究重点资助项目(KJ2018A0003)。

摘　　要：地下工程施工可能会引起地面建筑产生变形裂缝,裂缝的形态与空间位置及其变化对变形分析具有重要作用。文章采用近景摄影测量和数字图像处理相关理论与方法,研究建筑裂缝摄影观测方法和裂缝影像的数字化自动提取技术,生成建筑表面裂缝特征点云。基于裂缝表面点云,采用Delaunay三角网生成裂缝数字表面模型,并提出一种移动球算法实现了裂缝表面形态骨架线的自动提取。经实例检验,数字近景摄影测量法裂缝观测精度优于0.5 mm。裂缝数字表面模型和裂缝表面形态骨架线可以导入建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)中以用于裂缝形态与空间位置的精细表达和分析,从而为建筑安全评价和施工变形分析提供更丰富的信息。Deformation cracks of ground buildings may generate due to underground construction.The shape and spatial location of the crack and its changes play an important role in deformation analysis.Using close-range photogrammetry and digital image processing theory and methods,the building crack photography observation method and the digital automatic extraction technology of crack image are studied,and the crack surface point cloud is generated.Based on the point cloud of the crack surface,the digital surface model of the crack is generated by Delaunay triangulation network,and a moving sphere algorithm is proposed to automatically extract the skeleton line of the crack surface morphology.The experiment shows that the crack observation accuracy by close-range photogrammetry is better than 0.5 mm.The crack digital surface model and the skeleton line can express and analyze the crack shape and spatial position precisely,and can be imported into the building information modeling(BIM)model to provide more information for building safety evaluation and construction deformation analysis.

关 键 词：裂缝观测 近景摄影测量 裂缝形态 建筑信息模型(BIM) 

分 类 号：TU196.1[建筑科学—建筑理论]