大型转炉高效率、长寿命顶底复合吹炼技术  

Highly efficiency and long-life combined blowing technology of big converter

作　　者：杨利彬[1] 曾加庆[1] 邓勇[2] 徐小伟[2] 乌力平[2] YANG Li-bin;ZENG Jia-qing;DENG Yong;XU Xiao-wei;WU Li-ping(Metallurgical Department,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China;No.4 Steelmaking and Rolling General Plant,Masteel,Manshan 243000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]钢铁研究总院冶金工艺研究所,北京100081 [2]马钢第四钢轧总厂,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《钢铁》2020年第4期45-52,共8页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB07B030400);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674092)。

摘　　要：在分析解决大型复吹转炉吹炼过程中普遍面临主要难点问题的基础上,通过冶炼过程成渣、元素氧化规律的试验和理论分析研究,最终形成了大型转炉高效率、长寿命冶炼工艺。基于大型转炉元素选择性氧化热力学与动力学分析和试验,得出顶吹供气强度提高到3.50~3.72m^3/(t·min),能兼顾冶炼前、中、后期成渣、脱磷需求和脱碳升温期的冶炼效率。底吹供气强度达到0.2m^3/(t·min)能够有效降低熔池搅拌死区。底吹供气强度和流场是影响底吹效果的决定性因素。底吹强度、底吹元件类型、底吹数量、底吹模式及维护等技术单元的合理匹配可以确保底吹效果和炉底长寿命,通过10年不断优化和应用,形成了稳定、高效、可靠的大型转炉冶炼技术操作规则,转炉全炉役出钢碳氧积平均降低到0.0015以内,一次性复吹炉龄达到7333炉,冶炼效率大幅提升。Through summarizing and the analysis of characteristics of the steelmaking process,the reasonable high efficiency and long-life combined blowing mechanism and choice were proposed.Laboratory experiments and research of slagging and element oxidation mechanisms were carried out to adapt the high efficiency refining control technique,in which the slagging characteristics and elements selective oxidation during blowing were estimated.The result showed that when the oxygen blowing intensity increased from 3.50 to 3.72 m^3/(t·min),the refining dynamics demand of all periods can be satisfied eventually.When the bottom blowing intensity increased to 0.2 m^3/(t·min).To assure combined blowing metallurgical results,the bottom blowing intensity and the flow pattern were vital,in which bottom blowing intensity,bottom tuyere type,bottom tuyere number,bottom blowing pattern and maintenance technique were the key influencing factors.Finally,a high efficiency and long-life combined blowing technology was constructed by combining the refining mechanism,dynamics requirement,and oxidizability control.After 10 years of practice,the effect was confirmed with a commercial 300 t converter.The reasonable results showed that the final w([C])·w([O])product reduced to less than 0.001 5,the campaign with good result increased to 7 333,and the efficiency has been increased obviously.

关 键 词：复合吹炼 大型转炉 高效率 脱磷 底吹维护 碳氧积 

分 类 号：TF713[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]