艾滋病母婴阻断用药研究进展  

Review of research progress on drugs for mother-to-child blockade of AIDS

作　　者：农胜日 Nong Shengri(Laibin Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Laibin, Guangxi 546100)

机构地区：[1]广西来宾市妇幼保健院,广西来宾546100

出　　处：《中外女性健康研究》2020年第5期32-33,48,共3页Women＇s Health Research

摘　　要：艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiencysydrome,AIDS)主要是由(HIV)病毒破坏机体免疫系统而引起的以感染或肿瘤为特征的致死性疾病。艾滋病的主要传播方式有血液传播、性传播和母婴垂直传播。其中母婴传播是内传播的主要方式。在一般情况下妇女感染HIV的机会是同龄男性的2.5倍[1]。有研究报道在感染HIV的儿童中,由母婴传播的达90%以上[2],由此专家认为进行母婴阻断是防止儿童艾滋病感染的必要手段。目前艾滋病母婴阻断预防用药主要以抗病毒药为主,已经获得美国FDA批准的抗病毒药物共六大类,分别为核苷(酸)类逆转录酶抑制剂(NRTI)、非核苷(酸)类逆转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI)、蛋白酶抑制剂(PI)、整合酶抑制剂、融合抑制剂和辅助受体拮抗剂。我国国家免费艾滋病抗病毒药物治疗手册第四版,亦推荐使用美国FDA批准的以上六大类抗病毒药物。用药方案则有所不同。各地还自创了很多母婴阻断用药使用方案,并已取得可喜的效果。随着科学技术的发展,艾滋病母婴阻断用药的研究,新的药物、新的治疗方法将不断涌现。本文作者主要针对近年艾滋病母婴阻断用药的筛选及用法用量进行综述。AIDS(acquired immunodeficiencysydrome,AIDS)mainly by virus(HIV)damage caused by the body's immune system is characterized by infection or tumor of the deadly disease.The main transmission modes of AIDS are blood transmission,sexual transmission and mother-to-child vertical transmission.Mother-to-child transmission is the main mode of internal transmission.In general,women are 2.5 times more likely to be infected with HIV than men of the same age[1].Studies have reported that more than 90%of children infected with HIV are transmitted from mother to child[2].Therefore,experts believe that mother-to-child transmission is very necessary to prevent children from HIV infection.Current HIV mother-to-child block prevention is given priority to with antiviral drugs,the main drug has received FDA approval of antiviral drugs,a total of six categories,respectively nucleotide(acid),as well as the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTI)(acid)class of reverse transcriptase inhibitor(NNRTI),protease inhibitors(PI)inhibitors,integrase inhibitors,fusion and auxiliary receptor antagonist.China's national free AIDS antiviral drug treatment manual fourth edition,also recommended the use of the FDA approved above six categories of antiviral drugs.Medication regimens are different.Local also created a lot of maternal and child block drug use program,and has achieved gratifying results.With the development of science and technology,new drugs and new treatment methods will emerge.In this paper,the screening and dosage of drugs for mother-to-child blockade of AIDS were reviewed.

关 键 词：艾滋病 母婴阻断 用药 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]