考虑制动力影响的大型客车舒适性分析  

Comfort analysis of large bus considering the effect of braking force

作　　者：张杰[1] 王贵春[1] 吉喆 王亚欣 张淑文 Zhang Jie;Wang Guichun;Ji Zhe;Wang Yaxin;Zhang Shuwen(School of Civil Engineering,Zhengzhou University,450001,Zhengzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学土木工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2020年第2期777-784,I0022,I0023,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年资金(51408557)。

摘　　要：利用有限元法和动力平衡原理,建立了具有层间接触的沥青路面和13个自由度的大型客车人体三维模型。以不平顺作为激励,随机模拟车流分布,在不同制动情况下,从时域和频域两方面分析人-车-路耦合振动下车辆和人体的动力响应。时域分析采用客观评价标准和主观烦恼率相结合的方法,频域分析考虑人体共振、人的心理和生理因素。结果表明:随着制动力增大,人体的竖向加速度幅值不变,俯仰、侧倾加速度幅值都增大,但是俯仰加速度增幅远大于侧倾加速度的情况,人的舒适性变差,烦恼率增高;在紧急制动时,主频段对人体共振、心理和生理产生的影响很小,但是次主频段与人体某些器官固有频段重合,对人体共振、心理和生理产生的影响是不容忽视的。Based on the finite element method and the principle of dynamic balance,a three-dimensional model of the asphalt pavement with interlayer contact and the large passenger car with 13 degrees of freedom are established.The road surface irregularity is taken as excitation source and the traffic flow distribution is simulated randomly.Under different braking conditions,dynamic responses of the vehicle and the human body under the coupled vibration of the human-vehicle road are analyzed in time domain and frequency one.The analysis in time domain uses a combination of objective evaluation criteria and subjective annoyance rate.The analysis in frequency domain considers human resonance,human psychological and physiological factors.Results show that as the braking force increases,the vertical acceleration amplitude of the human body does not change,the pitch and roll acceleration amplitudes increase,but the pitch acceleration increases much more than the roll acceleration,the comfort becomes worse,the annoyance rate increases.During emergency braking,the primary frequency band has little effect on human resonance,psychology and physiology,but the influence of sub-primary frequency band onhuman resonance,psychology and physiology cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：车辆制动力 人-车-路耦合振动 沥青路面 客车-人体模型 时频域分析 舒适性评价 烦恼率 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]