几种漆皮回贴用胶粘剂的性能对比研究  

A performance comparison research about several kinds of adhesive Paste for the Lacquer coat

作　　者：何秋菊[1] 许璇 申雨田 王新雅 马平 He Qiuju;Xu Xuan;Sheng Yutian;Wang Xinya;Ma ping

机构地区：[1]首都博物馆保护科技与传统技艺研究部,“北京文博文物科技保护研究与运用”北京市重点实验室,北京100045 [2]北京城市学院中国传统工艺美术系,北京100083

出　　处：《中国生漆》2020年第1期19-25,共7页Journal of Chinese Lacquer

基　　金：“首都博物馆北京五里坨明代墓葬出土文物保护修复”项目资助。

摘　　要：由于漆器本身制作材料、工艺以及外界环境的影响,古代传世或出土漆器常存在漆皮起翘等现象,破坏了漆器文物的美观和完整性。在漆器传统修复中,常用不同种类的大漆、漆糊或者动物胶作为胶粘剂将脱落起翘的漆皮贴回本体。本文测试了面粉、粳米粉、红薯淀粉及糯米粉在制备过程中的糊化特征,对比了6种漆糊胶粘剂涂刷麻布后的剥离强度,分析了各淀粉糊和漆糊的微观形貌,探讨了各胶粘剂分子结构的区别。结果表明选用粳米糊添加到大漆中制备漆糊最理想,粳米糊加入大漆可提高大漆的力学强度和粘接性能。该研究对于漆器进行科学修复具有重要的指导意义。Due to the properties of the raw material, the unique craftsmanship and external environmental effects, ancient Chinese lacquerwares, excavated or collected, were mostly accompanied by peeling surface, which destroyed the integrity of lacquerwares. The traditional method of restoration was to use various materials such as Chinese lacquer, lacquer paste and animal glues as binders for the peeled lacquer coats. In this paper, the characteristics of gelatinization of the wheat flour, rice flour, sweet potato flour and glutinous rice flour was analyzed, by comparing the peel strength of six kinds of different binders applied on the linen, and the microscopic morphology of each starch paste and lacquer paste. The differences in the molecular structure of each paste sample was discussed. The results showed that it is more recommended to add the rice paste into the lacquer, which could improve the mechanical strength and adhesion performance of the lacquer. This research would have great significance in guiding the scientific restoration of lacquerware.

关 键 词：漆器 漆皮 回贴 胶粘剂 修复 

分 类 号：TQ430.1[化学工程] K876.7[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]