女性激素替代治疗的利与弊  

Advantages and disadvantages of menopause hormone therapy

作　　者：刘伟[1] 陶弢 綦一澄 Liu Wei;Tao Tao;Qi Yideng(Department of Endocrinology,Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属仁济医院内分泌科,200127

出　　处：《中华内分泌代谢杂志》2020年第4期277-282,共6页Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

摘　　要：随着人均寿命的延长及人们对生活质量的日益关注,女性越来越重视卵巢功能衰退带来的多种绝经相关症状、组织萎缩退化和代谢功能紊乱等一系列身心健康问题。女性绝经期激素替代治疗(menopause hormone therapy,MHT)是缓解卵巢功能减退所致相关症状最有效的方法,绝经早期使用可在一定程度上预防老年性慢性疾病的发生。近年来多项临床研究发现MHT增加妇科相关肿瘤及心脑血管疾病的发生风险,使MHT的临床应用逐渐受限,导致部分需要MHT治疗的患者得不到及时治疗。但随着激素替代方案的逐步完善,MHT应用的有效性和安全性明显提高。本文将综合目前的临床研究结果,就MHT的获益与风险作一简述。With the extension of life expectancy and increased attention to quality of life,females pay more attention to physical and mental health problems,such as a variety of menopause-related symptoms,tissue atrophic degradation and metabolic dysfunction brought by ovarian hypofunction.Menopause hormone therapy(MHT)is the most effective method to alleviate the symptoms associated with ovarian dysfunction,and it can also prevent the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases in the early menopause stage.Some clinical studies showed that MHT increased the risks of gynecological related tumors,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which limited the clinical application of MHT and prevented some patients who need MHT from getting timely treatment.However,with the standardization of therapeutic schedule,the effectiveness and safety of MHT application have been greatly improved.This article summarizes the current clinical research results together with the benefits and risks of MHT.

关 键 词：绝经 绝经期激素替代治疗 肿瘤 心脑血管疾病 

分 类 号：R58[医药卫生—内分泌]