1960-2017年北部湾珊瑚礁区海洋热浪增强原因分析  

Strengthened marine heatwaves over the Beibu Gulf coral reef regions from 1960 to 2017

作　　者：张文静[1,2,3] 郑兆勇 张婷[1,2,3] 陈天然 Zhang Wenjing;Zheng Zhaoyong;Zhang Ting;Chen Tianran(Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;South China Sea Branch,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院,广东广州510301 [4]自然资源部南海局,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋学报》2020年第5期41-48,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41676049,41476038);国家海洋局南海分局局长基金(1673);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2015284)。

摘　　要：在全球气候变化、区域气候因素的共同作用下,海洋热浪频发,北部湾珊瑚礁正处于快速退化之中。探究海洋热浪逐年增强的机制,对预测珊瑚礁未来生长环境具有重要意义。根据北部湾东部4个海洋站(北海、涠洲、海口、东方)实测海表温度历史资料和该海域的相关气候资料,选取SSTA、DHM、DHW、DHD 4种指标,采用相关分析和对比分析法探讨该海域近58年海洋热浪的变化趋势及原因,结果表明:(1)1960-2017年北部湾东部珊瑚礁区海洋热浪爆发的强度及频率逐年波动上升;(2)海洋热浪逐年增强源于全球性的厄尔尼诺事件增多、区域性的高压系统增强及风场减弱等多因素共同作用;(3)全球变暖背景下造成的海洋热浪爆发对北部湾东部海域的珊瑚礁生态系统已经造成不利影响。Under the effects of global climate change and regional climate factors, marine heatwaves occur frequently, resulting in a decline of coral reefs over the Beibu Gulf. Understanding the mechanisms of strengthened marine heatwaves is critical for predicting the future evolution of local reef ecosystems. According to sea surface temperature recorded from four marine stations(Beihai, Weizhou, Haikou, Dongfang) in the eastern part of Beibu Gulf, we analyzed the sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA), degree heating mouths(DHM), degree heating weeks(DHW) and degree heating days(DHD) which are typical proxies for identifying the marine heat waves(MHW) with its tendency and frequency during the past 58 years. The results show that:(1) The intensity and frequency of marine heat waves(MHW) in 1960-2017 displayed an increasing tendency;(2) The strengthened MHW is probably attributed to many factors,including the increase of El Ni?o events, regional high-pressure system enhancement, wind weakening;(3) MHW caused by global warming will adversely affect coral reef ecosystems over the Beibu Gulf.

关 键 词：海洋热浪 海表温度 南海高压 珊瑚礁 北部湾 

分 类 号：P731.11[天文地球—海洋科学]