用药剂量和种类对稻田主要天敌群落的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Dosage and Type of Medicine on MajorNatural Enemy Communities in Paddy Field

作　　者：刘一帆 LIU Yi-fan(College of Agronomy and biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《粘接》2020年第5期43-46,74,共5页Adhesion

摘　　要：对于我国的南方地区来讲,水稻是最主要的粮食产物。但是随着病虫害的不断发展,将对水稻的产量造成严重的影响,因此采取相应的防控措施变得尤为重要。且随着近几年来对环保的高度重视,由此将不采用传统的水稻防控措施,而是使用绿色的减药防控措施来对稻田中的病虫害进行处理,从而使得水稻的生产得到保障。具体的减药防控措施是在传统的水稻病虫害防治措施与进行防治的对象、所使用的药物以及防治的各个环节的基础上,对水稻病虫害金进行绿色防治以及实行相应的用药理念。主要采用田间扫网以及盆拍的方式对其进行取样以及鉴定,从而对药剂的种类、组合、施药量以及性信息素进行评价,由此可以知晓减药防控措施对稻田主要天敌群落所造成的影响。并采取卵卡浸渍法以及结合药膜的方法来对使用药剂的稻田主要天敌群落的毒性的测定,由此对水稻病虫害的防治提供了有效的理论依据也可对水稻的病虫害实现可持续的治理。具体研究的结果为:使用溴氰虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、氯虫苯甲酰胺、苏云金杆菌以及甲氨基阿维菌素等药剂可以使得稻田的主要天敌群落的多样性以及丰富度下降;不同的地域之间稻田天敌群落的数量以及种类之间差别较大等。For the south of China,rice is the most important food product.However,with the continuous develop⁃ment of diseases and pests,it will have a serious impact on the yield of rice,so it is particularly important to take corresponding prevention and control measures.In addition,with the great attention to environmental protec⁃tion in recent years,traditional rice prevention and control measures will not be adopted,but green drug reduc⁃tion prevention and control measures will be used to deal with diseases and pests in the paddy fields,thus ensur⁃ing the production of rice.The specific prevention and control measures of drug reduction are based on the tradi⁃tional rice pest control measures,the target of prevention and control,the drugs used and the various aspects of prevention and control,the green prevention and control of rice pest and disease gold and the implementation of the corresponding medicine concept.The samples were sampled and identified by means of field sweeping and patting,so as to evaluate the species,combination,dosage and sex pheromone of the pesticides,so as to know the effect of drug reduction control measures on the main natural enemy community in the rice field.The method of egg card impregnation and the method of drug film were used to determine the toxicity of the main natural ene⁃my community in the paddy field.The results were as follows:the diversity and richness of the main natural en⁃emy communities in the rice field could be decreased by the use of insecticides such as cyanocyanamide,me⁃thoxylhydrazide,chlorozobenzoamide,bacillus thuringiensis and methaminoabamectin.The number and species ofnatural enemies in paddy fields varied greatly among different areas.

关 键 词：防控措施 药剂筛选 天敌群落 稻田 性信息素 

分 类 号：TQ450[化学工程—农药化工]