推进我国房地产供给侧制度变革:从美国房地产发展中获得的启示  

Promoting the Reform of China’s Real Estate Supply-side System:Enlightenment from the Development of American Real Estate

作　　者：刘青 李铭[1] 武娜 LIU Qing;LI Ming;WU Na

机构地区：[1]武汉科技发展促进中心

出　　处：《经济论坛》2020年第1期144-152,共9页Economic Forum

摘　　要：我国房地产的市场化改革在提高人们居住条件的同时,一些深层次的矛盾也在不断积累,某些因素促成了房地产价格泡沫的形成、发展和膨胀。当对房屋的真实需求不能支撑目前的发展模式时,房地产市场将处于危险之中,因此,必须对房地产供给侧进行深层次的制度变革。美国房地产市场30年来保持了基本稳定的发展态势,其利用高度市场化的投融资模式、科学合理的房产税设计、买卖与租赁市场并举等措施,维护了房子只住不炒的基本属性。借鉴相关经验,我国应在未来拓展民间资本参与房地产市场的渠道,利用征收房产税等手段来削弱房子的投资属性,发展市场化的租赁市场弥补短板,创造条件鼓励城郊置业等多种手段,保持房地产市场的持续健康发展。The market-oriented reform of real estate in China is improving people’s living conditions,while some deep-seated contradictions are also accumulating.Some factors have contributed to the formation,development and expansion of the real estate price bubble.The law of commodity economy is the balance of supply and demand.The large demand for housing caused by urbanization will not continue with the slowing down and saturation of urbanization.According to the current development situation,when the real demand for housing can no longer support the current development model,the real estate market will be in danger.Therefore,the supply side of real estate must undergo a deep-seated institutional change.The US real estate market has maintained a basically stable development trend in the past 30 years.It has maintained the basic attributes of house ownership without speculation by utilizing highly market-oriented investment and financing mode,scientific and rational design of real estate tax,and the simultaneous development of sale and lease markets.Referring to the relevant experience,China should expand the channels for private capital to participate in the real estate market in the future;use real estate tax and other means to weaken the investment attributes of houses;develop market-oriented rental market to make up for shortcomings;create conditions to encourage suburban real estate and other means to maintain the sustainable and healthy development of the real estate market.

关 键 词：房地产市场 价格泡沫 城镇化 供需平衡 制度变革 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济] F299.712