鳙30日龄生长性状的遗传参数  

Genetic parameter analyses of growth traits at 30 days post-hatching in bighead carp(Hypophthalmichthy nobilis)

作　　者：朱文彬[1,2] 傅建军[2] 王兰梅[2] 张利德[3] 刘其根 董在杰[1,2] ZHU Wenbin;FU Jianjun;WANG Lanmei;ZHANG Lide;LIU Qigen;DONG Zaijie(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Suzhou Weilai Aquaculture Farm,Suzhou 215002,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]苏州市未来水产养殖场,江苏苏州215002

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第6期883-893,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划(BK20160205);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-45-05)。

摘　　要：为了研究鳙早期生长性状的遗传改良潜力,利用2个亲本群体进行群体繁殖(组1)和人工授精(组2)实验,并分别采集672尾30日龄鱼苗,用于开展对早期生长性状的遗传分析。通过微卫星标记分别鉴定了其中628和660尾个体的亲本来源,并依此获取群体双列杂交的信息;亲本对应子代贡献率存在极显著差异。在2个繁殖组中,体质量和体长在家系间均存在极显著差异;在组2中,体质量和体长在交配设计间均存在显著差异。此外,杂交组合的2个生长性状均呈现出中亲杂种优势(0.39%~7.64%),其特殊配合力也均为正值(0.01~0.02)。基于动物模型和限制性最大似然法,鳙30日龄体质量和体长的遗传力估值分别为0.47和0.49,且均达到极显著水平。体质量和体长间存在极显著的遗传相关和表型相关,分别为0.89和0.83。研究表明,通过家系构建和群体杂交,可以获得具有生长优势的鳙鱼苗;鳙30日龄生长性状具有较高选育潜力,而亲本对子代贡献的不平衡现象在选育过程中需要引起重视。The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic improvement potential of early growth traits in bighead carp(Hypophthalmichthy nobilis). The practices of mass spawning(group 1) and artificial insemination(group 2) were carried out using two populations of H. nobilis, and 672 fries at 30 dph(days post-hatching)were collected from each group, that were used for the further analyses of early growth traits. Based on microsatellite markers, total of 628 and 660 individuals from group 1 and group 2, respectively, were assigned with unambiguous pedigrees and reconstructed with population diallel cross combinations.Extremely significant unequal parental contributions were detected in both groups. The extremely significant differences in BW(body weight) and SL(standard length) were detected among families in both groups, and the significant differences in BW and SL were detected among diallel cross combinations in group 2. Furthermore, the positive values in mid-parent heterosis(0.39%–7.64%) and special combining ability(SCA)(0.01–0.02) of two growth traits were detected in the hybridized combinations. Based on the animal model and restricted maximum likelihood(REML) algorithm, the heritability estimates of BW and SL in H. nobilis(30 dph) were calculated at 0.47 and 0.49, respectively. The extremely significant genetic and phenotypic correlations were found between BW and SL, with 0.89 and 0.83, respectively. The results indicated that the early growth traits of H. nobilis could be improved through family construction, cross breeding and selective breeding, but the unequal parental contribution should be taken into account in practical breeding programs.

关 键 词：鳙 生长性状 杂种优势 配合力 遗传力 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]