尼克松主义指针下美国对日新政策(1969—1972)  

An Analysis of the American New Policy towards JapanUnder the Nixon Doctrine(1969-1972)

作　　者：杨建国 YANG Jianguo(History and Culture College,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang Henan 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学历史文化学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2020年第5期84-96,共13页Journal of Leshan Normal University

基　　金：河南省哲社规划项目“美国对华政策研究(1979-2016)”(2018BLS009);河南师范大学国家级科研项目培育项目“美国对华政策40年研究(1979-2018)”(2019PW15)。

摘　　要：尼克松政府在首届任期(1969—1972)内,依据美国面临的不利形势,提出“尼克松主义”的外交新指针。针对美国在亚太地区的最重要盟国日本,尼克松政府以美国利益最大化为外交行动的最高准绳,推出的新政策主要是围绕着冲绳施政权归还、对华政策以及经贸纠纷三个相互影响的复杂问题同步展开。此种对日新政策组合拳的积极贯彻,最终使得美国在亚太,特别是在东北亚地区二战后既得的战略利益,实现了短期效益上的有效维护,但从长远视角进行审视,它同时也留下了政治与外交上的麻烦性祸根。During the first term of Nixon Administration(1969-1972),Nixon put forward a new diplomatic guideline of"Nixon Doctrine".It was based on the unfavorable situation faced by the US.With regard to Japan,the most important ally of the US in the Asia-Pacific region,the Nixon Administration took the maximization of the national interests of the US as the highest criterion of foreign action.This new policy carried out in synchronous by the Nixon Administration was mainly centered on the Return of the Okinawa Administrative Power,the Policy towards China and the Economic and Trade Disputes,and the three complex issues affected mutually.The implementation of this new policy had finally enabled the US to effectively maintain short-term benefits in the Asia-Pacific region,especially in Northeast Asia after the war II.However,from a long-term perspective,this new policy also left trouble on the political and diplomatic.

关 键 词：尼克松政府 美国对日政策 冲绳施政权归还 中国问题 经贸摩擦 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学]