烟草靶斑病有性孢子形成环境条件及致病性的田间观测  

Study on the Environmental Factors and Virulence of Basidiospore of Tobacco Target Spot in Tobacco Field

作　　者：刘欣茹 张杰 王学坚[2] 孙玚 杨静[1] 杨敏[1] 董文汉 LIU Xinru;ZHANG Jie;WANG Xuejian;SUN Yang;YANG Jing;YANG Min;DONG Wenhan(State Key Laboratory for Conversation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Tobacco Company Pu'er City Company,Pu'er 655000,China;Division Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学,省部共建云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省烟草公司普洱市公司,云南普洱665000 [3]云南农业大学科技处,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期221-226,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划(2017YFD0200400);国家自然科学基金项目(31960525,31160352,31360423);云南省高校科技创新团队支持计划。

摘　　要：【目的】观察云南省墨江县烟田中烟草靶斑病的发病情况,探究烟草靶斑病菌形成担孢子的环境条件及担孢子在活体烟草上的侵染能力。【方法】温湿度自动记录仪监测田间形成担孢子的环境条件,收集田间担孢子回接,通过融合群鉴定和分析ITS序列的方法明确烟草靶斑病病原菌的归属关系,田间接种分析担孢子的致病性。【结果】明确引起烟草靶斑病的病原菌为立枯丝核菌AG-3,田间担孢子主要在5:00—9:00及20:00—23:00形成,环境条件为相对湿度100%,温度约20℃。田间接种试验发现担孢子可快速侵染叶片形成病斑。【结论】担孢子重量轻、数量大,可通过气流快速传播引起再侵染,是烟草靶斑病菌侵染的主要手段。[Purpose]To observe the environmental factors and virulence of basidiospore in tobacco field in Mojiang County,Yunnan Province.[Method]Through field observation and data statistics of temperature and humidity recorder,the conditions of spore formation were explored,and the pathogen of tobacco target spot was identified by ITS sequence and anastomosis reaction,and the pathogenicity was determined by field.[Result]The pathogen belongs to AG-3 according to the ITS sequence and anastomosis reaction.Through data statistics,basidiospores formed when 5:00—9:00 and 20:00—23:00,with 100%relative humidity,and temperature of 20℃or so.[Conclu-sion]Due to the light weight and numerous numbers of basidiospores,they can be rapidly spread through air to cause re-infection.Therefore,it is the main means of tobacco target pathogen infection.

关 键 词：烟草靶斑病菌 担孢子 致病性 菌丝融合 ITS序列 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]