长枝木霉菌株TL16防治南方根结线虫的作用机理  

The control mechanism of fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum TL16 against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

作　　者：李瑞 李惠霞 谢丙炎[2] 卢智琴 罗宁 LI Rui;LI Huixia;XIE Bingyan;LU Zhiqin;LUO Ning(Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province,College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu Province,China;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2020年第2期384-393,共10页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：甘肃农业大学学科建设经费(1604NKCA053-2);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201205)。

摘　　要：为探明长枝木霉Trichoderma longibrachiatum菌株TL16防治南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita的作用机理,采用原生质体转化法获得绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)标记菌株GFP-TL16,通过测定菌株TL16和GFP-TL16对南方根结线虫卵和2龄幼虫(2nd-stage juvenile,J2)的寄生与致死作用,其发酵液对卵孵化的抑制作用和对J2的致死作用,以及菌株GFP-TL16在黄瓜根系的定殖情况和菌株TL16对番茄根结形成的抑制作用来综合分析其作用机理。结果显示:菌株TL16菌丝对南方根结线虫卵无寄生作用,处理19 d后卵降解率为26.33%,致死作用较低;菌株TL16分生孢子悬浮液处理南方根结线虫J2后72 h的致死率为1.65%,且无寄生作用。菌株TL16发酵液处理南方根结线虫J2后48 h的校正死亡率为10.71%,处理卵15 d后对卵孵化的相对抑制率为77.11%。菌株GFP-TL16可定殖于黄瓜根系中,经菌株TL16处理后接种南方根结线虫J2,番茄根结减退率为55.88%。表明长枝木霉菌株TL16可通过抑制根结线虫卵孵化和诱导番茄产生抗病性来防治根结线虫病。To determine the control mechanisms of Trichoderma longiflorum TL16 against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita,the strain GFP-TL16 tagged with green fluorescent protein(GFP)gene was obtained by protoplast transformation.The parasitic and lethal effects of strain TL16 on eggs and 2nd-stage juveniles(J2s)of M.incognita,the hatching inhibition and lethal effects of its fermentation broth on eggs and J2s were detected,and colonization of GFP-TL16 in cucumber roots and the induced resistance of tomatoes against root-knot nematode were measured.The results showed that degradation rate of eggs by TL16 mycelia was 26.33%after treated for 19 d,but no parasitic effect and low lethal effect on eggs were observed.The spore suspensions of strain TL16 could not parasitize J2s,with a lethal rate of 1.65%after treated for 72 h.The lethal rate of the fermentation broth of strain TL16 was10.71%,but the inhibition rate of egg-hatching was 77.11%after treated for 15 d.GFP-TL16 could colonize cucumber roots and the reduction rate of root-knot on tomatoes was 55.88%after treated with GFP-TL16.The results indicated that T.longiflorum TL16 could control root-knot nematodes by inhibiting egg hatching and inducing resistance in tomato plants.

关 键 词：长枝木霉 南方根结线虫 作用机理 诱导抗性 

分 类 号：S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学]