新中国初期学习苏联和技术引进研究  

Learning from the Soviet Union and the Introduction of Technology in the Early Days of New China

作　　者：张林鹏 武力 ZHANG Linpeng;WU Li(National Museum of China,Beijing,100006;Institute of Contemporary China Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100009)

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆,北京100006 [2]中国社会科学院当代中国研究所,北京100009

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2020年第5期72-77,共6页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：中国国家博物馆青年项目“新中国机械工业部机构变迁研究”(项目编号:GBKX2019Q19)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新中国头七年接受苏联技术援助从总体上看是比较系统、比较完整、效果较好的一次技术引进。从学习苏联和引进技术的历史进程来看,大致经历了起始和高潮两个阶段。在此过程中出现过一些难以避免的偏差。1956年以后,中国共产党正视苏共二十大的教训,《论十大关系》和八大前后的经验总结,对偏差进行了有力纠正。毋庸讳言,在整个过程中确有深刻的经验教训值得总结和汲取。In the first seven years of New China,receiving technical assistance from the Soviet Union was,in general,a relatively systematic,complete and effective technology introduction.Judging from the historical process of learning from the Soviet Union,that process roughly went through two stages:the beginning and the climax.There have,however,appeared some unavoidable deviations during the process.After 1956,the Communist Party of China learned from the lessons of the 20th Congress of the CPSU.Mao’s treatise of on the Ten Major Relationships and the review of experience and lessons before and after the Eighth Congress of the CPC were a powerful correction of those deviations.Needless to say,there are profound lessons to learn from the whole process.

关 键 词：新中国初期 学习苏联 技术引进 偏差纠正 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]