几种秸秆基质对辣椒生长及果实品质的影响  

Effects of some straw substrate on growth and fruit quality of pepper

作　　者：魏晓强 钟启文[1] 张广楠 李莉[1] 谭龙[1] WEI Xiaoqiang;ZHONG Qiwen;ZHANG Guangnan;LI Li;TAN Long(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry of Qinghai University,Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室·青海大学农林科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2020年第5期24-31,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：青海省重点研发与转化项目(2017-NK-107,2018-NK-103);青海省科技合作专项(2018-HZ-808)。

摘　　要：菊芋是青海高原的特色经济作物,地上部秸秆生物量大,为解决其综合利用问题,将发酵完全的菊芋、小麦、油菜及玉米的秸秆复配羊粪、商品基质土、蛭石和珍珠岩作为辣椒的栽培基质,采用槽式无土栽培,通过对辣椒不同时期生长情况的监测来分析作物秸秆对辣椒生长、品质及产量的影响。结果表明,添加作物秸秆对辣椒生长、品质及产量都有正向影响,尤其是添加了菊芋秸秆的栽培基质在株高、茎粗、株幅等生长指标中都优于对照,果实的可溶性总糖、维生素C含量也都高于其他处理,有效增加了辣椒生物量,提升了果实品质,并且辣椒产量较对照增加了3%~5%。综合试验结果,添加菊芋秸秆可以提高辣椒的生物量、果实品质和产量。Jerusalem artichoke is a special economic crop of Qinghai Plateau.The biomass of above-ground straw is large.In order to solve the problem of comprehensive utilization,we will fertilize complete straw of Jerusalem artichoke,wheat,rape and corn with sheep manure,matrix soil,vermiculite and perlite.Using slot-type soilless cultivation,the influence of crop straw on chili growth,quality and yield was analyzed by monitoring the growth of chili peppers at different periods.The results showed that the addition of crop straw had a positive effect on the growth,quality and yield of pepper.Especially the cultivation substrate with the addition of Jerusalem artichoke straw was superior to the control in plant height,stem diameter and plant growth.The content of sugar and ascorbic acid was also higher than the other treatments,which effectively increased the biomass of pepper and improved the quality of the fruit,and the yield of pepper increased by 3%-5%compared with the control.Based on the comprehensive test results,the addition of Jerusalem artichoke straw can increase the biomass,fruit quality and yield of pepper.

关 键 词：辣椒 菊芋秸秆 基质栽培 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]