新疆棉花枯、黄萎病的发生现状及其快速分离技术  

Occurrence of cotton Fusarium and Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang and the rapid isolation method

作　　者：张国丽[1] 谢宗铭[1] 冯自力[2] 李全胜[1] 朱荷琴[2] 吕宁[1] 孙国清[1,3] ZHANG Guoli;XIE Zongming;FENG Zili;LI Quansheng;ZHU Heqin;L Ning;SUN Guoqing(Xinjiang Production&Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization,Biotechnology Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi 832003,China;State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,China;Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院生物技术研究所,作物种质创新与基因资源利用兵团重点实验室,石河子832003 [2]国家棉花生物学重点实验室,中国农业科学院棉花研究所,安阳455000 [3]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第3期260-265,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2018A14);新疆生产建设兵团重点领域创新团队建设计划(2019CB008);新疆生产建设兵团现代农业科技攻关(2015AC008)。

摘　　要：为明确新疆不同地区造成棉花萎蔫,维管束变褐的病原菌种类及其发生现状,本研究对新疆47个主要植棉区有萎蔫症状且维管束变褐的棉花病株进行了分离鉴定,并对其快速分离鉴定方法进行了改进。结果表明:南疆20个地点,得到358个纯化菌株,黄萎病菌占81.8%,枯萎病菌占18.2%;北疆27个地点,得到495个纯化菌株,黄萎病菌占93.9%,枯萎病菌占6.1%。南北疆均以黄萎病为主,枯萎病南疆重于北疆。维管束病害的快速分离方法每分离一个样品只需2 min,污染率仅为6.7%。In order to identify the species and the occurrence of the pathogen which cause cotton wilting and vascular browning, cotton wilting and vascular browning plants collected from 47 main cotton planting areas in Xinjiang were separated and identified. And the isolation method was also improved. The result showed that 358 purified strains were obtained from 20 sites in South Xinjiang, Verticillium dahliae accounting for 81.8%, and Fusarium oxysporum for 18.2%. 495 were obtained from 27 sites in Northern Xinjiang, V.dahliae accounting for 93.9%, and F.oxysporum for 6.1%. Fusarium wilt in South is more serious than that in North Xinjiang. The improved isolation method only needed 2 min and its contamination rate was only 6.7%.

关 键 词：棉花 黄萎病 枯萎病 快速分离鉴定方法 

分 类 号：S435.621.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]