妊娠期医务人员心理健康状况及其影响因素研究  

Status quo of mental health of medical staff during pregnancy and its influencing factors

作　　者：张露 吕艳[3] 杜晓琴[3] 尹雪梅[3] 董胜雯[1] ZHANG Lu;LYU Yan;DU Xiaoqin;YIN Xuemei;DONG Shengwen(Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070 China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学,300070 [2]西安交通大学 [3]天津市中心妇产科医院,300070

出　　处：《全科护理》2020年第15期1793-1798,共6页Chinese General Practice Nursing

基　　金：天津市医院协会医院管理研究项目,编号:2017zch11.

摘　　要：[目的]了解妊娠期医务人员心理压力、焦虑等心理健康现状及其影响因素,为改善妊娠期医务人员生活质量和医疗服务质量提供科学参考。[方法]采用方便抽样法选取天津市5所医院处于妊娠期的医务人员为研究对象,进行问卷调查。[结果]妊娠期医务人员普遍存在心理压力,焦虑检出率为43.4%(23/53)。高危妊娠因素(高龄、妊娠期并发症、高血压、贫血)、家庭人均月收入、平均每周工作时间、科室、对妊娠期医务人员心理压力的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);本人是否为独生子女、妊娠期间每天睡眠时间分别对妊娠期医务人员在认同父母角色方面、在保障母子健康方面心理压力的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);文化程度、科室及职业、妊娠期间每周工作时间、每天睡眠时间、不良孕产史对妊娠期医务人员焦虑情况的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊娠期医务人员在身体改变方面的心理压力与客观支持呈负相关(r=-0.276,P<0.05)、焦虑情况与主观支持呈负相关(r=-0.297,P<0.05)。[结论]妊娠期医务人员的心理健康问题较突出,相关影响因素复杂,应积极采取相应措施改善其心理健康水平。Objective:To understand the status quo of mental health including stress and anxiety and influencing factors of medical staff during pregnancy,so as to provide scientific references for improving the quality of life of medical staff during pregnancy and quality of medical services.Methods:According to the convenience sampling,medical staffs during pregnancy in five hospitals in Tianjin were selected as the research subjects,and they were assessed by questionnaire.Results:Medical staffs during pregnancy generally had psychological pressure and the detection rate of anxiety was 43.4%(23/53).High-risk pregnancy such as old age,pregnancy complications,hypertension,anemia,average monthly income of family,department and weekly working hours were factors that affected the psychological pressure of medical staff during pregnancy(P<0.05).Whether an only child or not,daily sleep time during pregnancy were the factors that affected the mental stress of medical staff during pregnancy in identifying with the role of parents and protecting the health of mother and child(P<0.05);educational level,department,occupation,weekly working hours during pregnancy,daily sleep time and history of adverse pregnancy were factors that affected medical staff’s anxiety during pregnancy(P<0.05);There was a lower negative correlation between the mental stress of body of medical staff during pregnancy and objective support(r=-0.276,P<0.05),the anxiety was negatively correlated with subjective support(r=-0.297,P<0.05).Conclusions:The psychological health problems of the medical staff during pregnancy were prominent and the related factors were complex.The corresponding measures should be taken to improve their mental health.

关 键 词：医务人员 妊娠期 心理压力 焦虑 影响因素 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学]