极北海带对氮、磷吸收和砷、镉、铅吸附的研究  

Study on the Assimilation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus and on the Sorption of Heavy Metals in Laminaria hyperborea

作　　者：袁艳敏 刘福利[2,3] 杜欣欣 梁洲瑞 汪文俊[2,3] 孙修涛 YUAN Yanmin;LIU Fuli;DU Xinxin;LIANG Zhourui;WANG Wenjun;SUN Xiutao(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266071;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071;College of Marine Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266071 [4]青岛农业大学海洋科学与工程学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2020年第3期25-31,共7页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：青岛市民生科技计划项目(17-3-3-65-nsh);现代农业产业技术体系藻类体系离岸式养殖岗位专项(CARS-50);农业农村部农业国际合作交流项目“一带一路”热带国家水产养殖科技创新合作共同资助。

摘　　要：极北海带(Laminaria hyperborea)分布于大西洋东北海域,有很高的经济和生态价值,有望成为我国海藻资源增值的对象。本研究通过分析极北海带在不同温度下对N、P营养盐的吸收,以及对不同重金属离子的吸附,研究其对富营养化和重金属的去除能力。结果显示,1)温度为9℃~13℃时,极北海带对N、P的吸收率均最高,其中72 h后其对P的吸收率达到了95%~98%,对氨氮的吸收率为96%,对硝酸氮的吸收率约为42%,表明其对N、P有显著的去除作用。2)极北海带对As5+的富集量为168.33 mg/kg,藻体表面和内部As5+含量无显著差异,分别占藻体As5+总量的55%和45%,As5+处理6 d后极北海带的相对生长速率为–0.92%/d,极北海带生长不正常。极北海带对Cd2+的吸附量为15 mg/kg,且91%的Cd2+位于藻体表面,仅9%的Cd2+位于藻体内部,相对生长速率为5.78%/d,说明其对极北海带生长有抑制。极北海带对Pb2+的吸附量为320 mg/kg,其中96.5%的Pb2+被吸附于藻体表面,3.5%的Pb2+位于藻体内部,其相对生长速率为6.73%/d,表明Pb2+对极北海带的生长无显著影响。Laminaria hyperborea is an economically and ecologically important kelp.It can grow lushly in the subtidal zone and from the seaweed forest,playing a significant ecological function.In this study,the absorption rates of nitrogen and phosphorus of L.hyperborea was determined at different temperatures(5℃,9℃,13℃,17℃),as well as relative growth rate(RGR)and accumulation of selected heavy metal ions(arsenic ions As5+,cadmium ions Cd2+,lead ions Pb2+),aiming to evaluate whether L.hyperborea is a potentially feasible candidate species for marine bioremediation.The main results are as follows:(1)the experimental specimens illustrated maximum absorption rates of nitrogen and phosphorus at 9℃~13℃after 72 h.The maximum absorption rates of phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen and nitrogen nitrate were 95%~98%,96%and 42%respectively,indicating that the removal of nitrogen nitrate,ammonia nitrogen,and phosphorus by L.hyperborea from seawater is significant.(2)The total arsenic ions content accumulated in the L.hyperborea was 168.33 mg/kg,there was no significant difference between the surface(55%)and inner(45%)of the algae;the relative growth rate was–0.92%/d when L.hyperborea were treated with arsenic ions for 6 days.The total cadmium ions content accumulated in L.hyperborea was 15 mg/kg,and the surface content(91%)was significantly higher compared to the inner content(9%);the relative growth rate of those individuals who were treated with Cd2+enriched solution for 6 days was 5.78%/d(lower than the control).The total lead ion content accumulated in the L.hyperborea was 320 mg/kg.The surface concentration(96.5%)was significantly higher compared to that of the inner concentration(3.5%)of the algae;the relative growth rate of those individuals who were treated in Pb2+enriched solution for 6 days was 6.73%/d,which had no significant difference with control condition.The results suggested L.hyperborea could be an ideal candidate in marine bioremediation.

关 键 词：极北海带 富营养化 温度 重金属 生物修复 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]