明代巡按御史制度及其历史镜鉴  

The System of Imperial Itinerant Inspector of Ming Dynasty and Its Historic References

作　　者：颜奇英[1] 史坤坤 YAN Yingqi;SHI Kunkun(Disciplinary Committee,Nanjing University of Technology,Nanjing 211800,China;Party Committee Organization Department,Nanjing University of Technology,Nanjing 211800,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学纪委,南京211800 [2]南京工业大学党委组织部,南京211800

出　　处：《长春大学学报》2020年第5期101-105,共5页Journal of Changchun University

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目纪检监察专项项目(2018SJZT26);校级项目(SZ20190216)。

摘　　要：明代巡按御史制度建立在历代巡视监察经验基础之上,体系更加完备,制度更加健全,形成了包括"设置选派、职责要求、考核激励"等措施在内的制度体系。明代巡按御史的监督独立性进一步增强、监督职能进一步完善,并形成了央地双重监察体制,在历史上发挥过积极影响,但由于受制于封建皇权,也存在着明显的制度缺陷。通过对巡按御史制度进行深入剖析,充分吸收中国古代的巡视监察经验智慧,采取强化制度保障、增强巡视监督独立性、严格选任和管理机制、加强自身监督制约等举措,推动当前巡视巡察工作高效深入开展。The system of imperial itinerant inspector of Ming Dynasty built on the basis of previous patrol and inspection experience of past dynasties has more completed system and institution,which forms a system including"setting appointments,responsibility requirements and evaluation incentives".In the Ming Dynasty,the further strengthened independence of supervision by censors and the further improved supervision function as well as the formation of the central and local supervision system have played a positive role in the history.However,restricted by the feudal imperial power,there are also obvious system defects.Through deep analysis on the system of imperial itinerant inspector,we could fully absorb the wisdom of patrol and inspection experience in ancient China,adopt measures such as strengthening system guarantee,enhancing the independence of patrol and supervision,improving selection and management mechanism and strengthening ourselves’own supervision and control,so as to promote the efficient and deep development of the current patrol and inspection work.

关 键 词：明代 巡按御史 制度 历史镜鉴 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]