中医药分期防治新型冠状病毒肺炎的药性功效分析  

Analysis of property and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in staging revention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019

作　　者：古敏 刘娇 史楠楠[2] 李晓东[3] 黄正德[3] 吴剑坤[4] 王玉光[4] 王燕平[2] 翟华强[1] 王永炎[2] GU Min;LIU Jiao;SHI Nan-nan;LI Xiao-dong;HUANG Zheng-de;WU Jian-kun;WANG Yu-guang;WANG Yan-ping;ZHAI Hua-qiang;WANG Yong-yan(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 434100,China;Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [2]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [3]湖北省中医院,湖北武汉434100 [4]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院,北京100010

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2020年第6期1253-1258,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1712002);国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2018ZX10101001-005-003)。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情严峻复杂,探讨中医药防治COVID-19处方的用药规律及特点具有重要意义。该研究收集2020年1月1日至2月18日国家卫生健康委员会,7个省市卫生健康委员会、国家中医管理局发布的和《新型冠状病毒肺炎中医诊疗手册》收录的中医药防治COVID-19诊疗方案以及3位国医大师、4位知名中医药专家所拟的方药,按照纳入、排除标准进行筛选,应用EpiData 3.0软件,建立"防治新型冠状病毒肺炎中医处方库""防治新型冠状病毒肺炎常用中药库",共收集有效中药处方93首,组成药物共计157味。应用SPSS 18.0软件进行数据分析,结果发现:①药性寒、温居多,其中性寒69味,占43.95%;性温57味,占36.31%;性热较少,仅占1.27%;②味苦、辛、甘药物较多,不同时期药味有异,初期以辛味居多,中期、重症期以苦味为主,恢复期多用甘味药;③归经以入肺、胃、心者多,入肺经最多,占24.55%;初、中期多入肺胃,重症期则入心肾;④口服药物多无毒,仅6味药物具有毒性,分别是苦杏仁、绵马贯众、重楼、细辛、半夏、炮附片;⑤以具有解表、化湿、清热、补虚、化痰止咳平喘5类功效的药物居多,初期解表与清热并重,各占18.81%;中期化痰止咳平喘药物使用多,占29.61%;重症期清热使用最多,占33.33%;恢复期补虚使用最多,占36.47%。中药防治COVID-19的药性特点和功效分布与中医对其病因、病位、病机的认识紧密相关,临证辨治尤需注重分期用药及因地制宜。Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)triggered a severe and complicated epidemic situation,and it is of great significance to discuss the rules and characteristics of the prescription of COVID-19 in traditional Chinese medicine.This study collected prevention and treatment approaches of traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 released from the National Health Committee of China,7 provinces and municipal health committees,the Chinese Medicine Administration and Handbook of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 between January 1 and February 18,2020,and prescriptions prepared by 3 masters of Chinese medicine and 4 well-known Chinese medicine experts.These information were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and EpiData 3.0 software was used to establish the"Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Library for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19"and the"Common Database of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19".A total of 93 effective Chinese medicine prescriptions and a total of 157 kinds of constituent medicines were collected.Data analysis was performed by SPSS 18.0 software.The results showed that:①most of the medicines are with cold and warm properties,69 with cold medicines,accounting for 43.95%,57 with warm medicines,accounting for 36.31%,and less with hot medicines,taking up 1.27%;②there are many pungent,bitter and sweet medicines,and the distribution of medicinal flavors is different at different disease stage.The pungent medicines are mostly found in the early stage,the bitter drugs are the main flavor in the middle and severe stage,and the sweet medicines are mostly used in the recovery stage;③the meridian of the drug is more concentrated at the lung,stomach,and heart,and most of drugs are into the lung meridian,accounting for 24.55%;these medicines are mostly into the lungs and stomach in the initial and middle stages,and into the heart and kidney in severe stages;④oral drugs are mostly non-toxic,among which

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 新型冠状病毒 中医药防治 药性特点 功效分布 

分 类 号：R285.1[医药卫生—中药学]