新疆和田地区2016年甲型肝炎病毒流行株基因特征  

Genetic characteristics of hepatitis A virus strains that circulated in Hotan prefecture of Xinjiang,2016

作　　者：何晓兰 黄腾达 艾德尔艾力·阿有甫 杜凤雪 周文亭[2] 曹经瑗[2] 毕胜利[2] He Xiaolan;Huang Tengda;Aideeraili Ayoufu;Du Fengxue;Zhou Wenting;Cao Jingyuan;Bi Shengli(Hotan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hotan 848500,Xinjiang,China;National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Bei jing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]和田地区疾病预防控制中心,新疆和田848500 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2020年第2期142-145,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10201002-004-003)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆和田地区甲型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis A virus,HAV)流行株基因特征。方法收集新疆和田地区2016年甲型肝炎病例急性期血清标本,经核酸提取、逆转录、套式PCR、序列测定,进行HAV基因分型、主要中和抗原位点氨基酸序列分析,并与GenBank中HAV基因型和亚型代表株构建系统进化树,分析核苷酸和氨基酸序列差异或同源性。结果获得和田地区43株2016年IA基因亚型HAV流行株和2株减毒活疫苗株序列。43株流行株在VP1-2A区的核苷酸、氨基酸序列差异分别为0.0%-2.9%、0.0%-1.9%,在VP3-VP1-2A区分别为0.0%-2.2%、0.0%-0.7%;与2株减毒活疫苗株的氨基酸序列差异为0.5%-0.9%。HAV流行株的主要中和抗原位点未发现氨基酸变异,处于负向选择压力;与GenBank中中国新疆、中国四川或日本HAV序列的同源性最高。结论2016年和田地区HAV流行株为基因IA亚型且分为不同基因簇;HAV流行株和减毒活疫苗株的主要中和抗原位点氨基酸序列保守。Objective To determine genetic characteristics of hepatitis A virus(HAV)strains circulating in Hotan prefecture of Xinjiang.Methods We collected acute phase serum samples from hepatitis A cases in Hotan in 2016 for nucleic acid extraction,reverse transcription,nested PCR,sequence testing,HAV genotyping,and analysis of HAV amino acid sequences at the main neutralizing epitopes.We constructed a phylogenetic tree to determine differences and homology of nucleotide and amino acid sequences compared with reference genotypes and subtypes of HAV strains from GenBank.Results We obtained sequences of 43 genotype IA HAV strains circulating in Hotan in 2016 and 2 live attenuated vaccine strains.Nucleotides and amino acid sequence differences in the VP1-2 A region of the 43 HAV strains were 0.0%-2.9%and 0.0%-1.9%,respectively;in the VP3-VP1-2 A region,differences were 0.0%-2.2%and 0.0%-0.7%.The amino acid sequence difference between the 43 HAV strains and the 2 vaccine strains were 0.5%-0.9%.HAV strains had no amino acid differences in the main neutralizing epitopes and were under apparent negative selection pressure,with the highest homology with reference HAV strains from Chinese Xinjiang,Chinese Sichuan,and Japan from GenBank.Conclusions The HAV strains circulating in Hotan in 2016 belonged to sub-genotype IA and had different genetic clusters.Amino acid sequences of circulating HAV strains and vaccine strains were highly conserved at the main neutralization epitopes.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎病毒 基因型 中和抗原位点 同源性 变异 

分 类 号：R512.61[医药卫生—内科学]