家兔静脉动脉化后充压拉伸实验研究  

Pressurizing and Stretching Experiment in Arterialized Veins of Rabbits

作　　者：张雨豪 牛培 张志敏[2] 牛小龙 申文增 郝良超 周玉娟 刘福林[2] ZHANG Yuhao;NIU Pei;ZHANG Zhimin;NIU Xiaolong;SHEN Wenzeng;HAO Liangchao;ZHOU Yujuan;LIU Fulin(Medical College,Hebei University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Department of Cardiac Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学医学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学附属医院心脏外科,河北保定071000

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2020年第2期156-162,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：河北省财政厅、河北省卫生和计划生育委员会2016年政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养和基础课题研究项目(361007)。

摘　　要：目的建立家兔静脉动脉化模型,探讨静脉动脉化前后以及动静脉之间力学参数差异。方法24只家兔随机分成实验组12只、对照组12只。实验组家兔完成静脉动脉化模型的建立,使得静脉桥中流过动脉血,造模完成后术后4周取下静脉桥。同时获取对照组家兔单侧颈外静脉和颈总动脉,三者同时完成充压拉伸力学测试,并采用HE染色和免疫组织化学技术观察。结果24只家兔无死亡,静脉桥内均血流通畅。随着血管内升压,血管外径变化规律均为先变化而后稳定于某一固定值附近;静脉弹性比动脉更差,静脉血管外径随着血管内升压快速增大并达到其弹性极值;相较而言,动脉血管外径则是缓慢增大。HE染色显示,静脉血管的管壁厚度更薄;静脉动脉化后其管壁厚度增加。静脉动脉化后增殖细胞抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)及α-actin阳性表达,证实平滑肌细胞出现增殖,静脉血管桥出现再狭窄趋势。移植入动脉系统后的静脉弹性较移植前有所提升。结论伴随血管内升压,相较动脉,静脉更快地达到其弹性极限,长期处于高压状态下的静脉内膜易因此受损;静脉动脉化后,随着静脉内膜的逐渐增厚,血管腔再狭窄的趋势逐渐明显,其弹性较移植前有所提升。Objective To establish the model of rabbit vena arterialization,so as to investigate the difference of mechanical parameters between arteries and veins as well as before and after arterialization.Methods Twentyfour rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group(n=12)and control group(n=12).By establishing the rabbit vena arterialization model for experimental group,the arterial blood could flow into the veins.After model creation,the vein would be removed 4 weeks after surgery.In the meantime,the external jugular veins and cephalic arteries extracted from control group were acquired.Compressive pressurizing and stretching tests on all vessels were conducted at the same time(including arteries,veins and arterialized veins).Observation was supported by HE staining and immune tissue chemical techniques.Results There were no deaths among the 24 rabbits,with unobstructed blood flow in veins.With the increase of intravascular pressure,the outer diameter of veins changed at first and then stabilized at a fixed value.The elasticity of veins was worse than that of arteries.The external diameter of veins increased rapidly with internal pressure of veins increasing and reached its extreme elasticity.Comparatively,the elasticity of arteries increased slowly.HE staining results showed that thickness of the vascular wall was thinner,while it became thicker after vena arterialization.After vena arterialization,proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and α-actin showed positive results.It further proved that proliferation existed among smooth muscle cells,and veins showed the tendency of restenosis again.The elasticity of veins after transplantation into the arterial system was improved compared with that before transplantation.Conclusions Accompanied by the increasing pressure,the vein could reach its elasticity extremity faster than the artery.Under such a long-term high pressure,vein intima was vulnerable.After vena arterialization,with the gradual thickening of vein intima,the tendency of vessel restenosis was obviou

关 键 词：冠状动脉旁路移植术 静脉动脉化 再狭窄 弹性 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]