青岛市老年人医养结合服务利用与需求调查  

Utilization and demands for integrated medical and nursing services and their associates among institution-dwelling elderly in Qingdao city: a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：司明舒 邵梅英[4] 苏源 梁栋[1,2,3] 吴胤歆 李林[6] 葛丹丹 杨丽丽 SI Ming-shu;SHAO Mei-ying;SU Yuan(School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou,Fujian Province 350122,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350108 [2]福建省医疗改革与发展研究中心 [3]健康福建研究中心 [4]山东大学齐鲁医院 [5]宁夏医科大学公共卫生与管理学院 [6]北京市卫健委 [7]皖南医学院弋矶山医院 [8]山东大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第4期537-541,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(19YJC630144)。

摘　　要：目的分析青岛市老年人医养服务需求与利用状况,探讨影响老年人选择医养结合机构意愿的相关因素,为提升医养结合机构服务质量提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法于2017年6月-2018年8月抽取青岛市7个区43家医养结合机构2 040位入住老年人为调查对象,通过焦点访谈和问卷调查法收集医养机构服务的利用和需求情况,并进行一般描述性分析。结果被调查的入住老年人中,对医养结合服务需求最高的依次为:疾病诊治(87.68%),生活照料(76.25%),健康管理(73.83%);需求最低的依次为:安宁疗护(11.69%),老年人服务热线(33.77%),体育娱乐活动(36.92%)。多因素分析结果显示,影响老年人选择医养结合机构意愿的因素主要为年龄、由谁来照护、最担心和焦虑的问题和户籍类型(P <0.01)。结论青岛市老年人的养老与医疗服务需求巨大,且存在多层次、个性化的医养需求与服务供给不足的矛盾,政府应构建医养结合照护服务体系,建立和完善长期护理保险制度,加强政策法规、资金支持以及人才队伍建设。Objective To analyze the utilization and demands of integrated medical and nursing services(IMNS) and their influencing factors among the elderly living in pension institutions in Qingdao city of Shandong province for providing evidences to the improvement of IMNS to elderly populations. Methods The participants of the study were 2 040 elder people of 60 years and above recruited with stratified multistage random sampling at 43 pension institutions providing integrated medical and nursing services in 7 districts of Qingdao city. Information on utilization and demand of IMNS and their correlates were collected through focus interview and questionnaire survey among the participants from June 2017 to August 2018. General descriptive analyses were conducted. Results The most highly required IMNS items listed by the participants were disease diagnosis and treatment(reported by 87.68% of the participants), life care(76.25%) and health management(73.83%), followed by sports and recreational activities(36.92%), elderly care hotline service(33.77%), and hospice care(11.69%). The results of multivariate analysis demonstrated that significant factors influencing the participants′willingness to have institutional IMNS were age, social relation with the main caregiver, personal problem most concerned,and type of household registration(P < 0.01 for all). Conclusion There are a huge demand for integrated medical and nursing services among institution-dwelling elderly and an undersupply of the services to the elderly in Qingdao city,suggesting that the system providing the services needs to be improved.

关 键 词：医养结合 服务利用与需求 老年人 青岛 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]