植物配置对岷江干旱河谷铁路边坡土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Plant Configuration Pattern on Soil Physical-Chemical Properties of Railway Slopes in Arid Valley in the Upper Reaches of the Minjiang River

作　　者：韩美清 闫晓俊 周宇 邹瓒 宋会兴[2] HAN Meiqing;YAN Xiaojun;ZHOU Yu;ZOU Zan;SONG Huixing(Engineering Management Center,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038;School of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家铁路集团有限公司工程管理中心,北京100038 [2]四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期134-140,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31470636);四川省科技厅应用基础项目(No.2019YJ0422);成兰公司重大工程试验项目(No.CLSY-2018-001)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨干旱河谷地区不同植物配置对铁路边坡土壤理化性质的影响。【方法】以铁路边坡常用绿化植物高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)为材料,在岷江上游干旱河谷区设置单种草本植物高羊茅(G)或紫花苜蓿(Z)、单种灌木沙棘(S),以及高羊茅-沙棘(GS)、紫花苜蓿-沙棘(ZS)、高羊茅-紫花苜蓿-沙棘(GZS)等草灌结合混种的配置模式,对建植2年后铁路边坡土壤的土壤养分和胞外酶活性进行比较分析。【结果】不同的植物配置模式并没有明显改变表层(0~20cm)土壤中总氮和总磷的含量,对土壤总有机碳含量影响较小;可溶性有机碳(DOC)和可溶性有机氮(DON)含量在不同植物配置处理间变化趋势一致,表现为Z模式下土壤的DOC与DON含量最高,S和ZS模式下土壤DOC与DON的含量最低;3种草灌结合模式以及Z模式下土壤的微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量明显比G和S模式下更高;有紫花苜蓿存在的植物配置中土壤微生物生物量氮(MBN)含量较高;GZS模式下土壤蔗糖酶(Suc)、脲酶(Ure)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、纤维二糖水解酶(CBH)和β-1,4-N-乙酰基氨基葡萄糖酐酶(NAG)的活性较其他配置模式下更高,而ZS模式下土壤Suc,Ure,ALP和NAG活性也较高。【结论】在干旱河谷区,植被对边坡土壤的改善过程相对缓慢;在建植过程中,利用紫花苜蓿、高羊茅、沙棘等植物构建草灌结合的植物配置模式,土壤微生物群落具有更强的代谢活性,并有助于植被恢复进程。[Purposes]In order to investigate the effects of plant configuration pattern on soil physical-chemical properties of railway slopes in arid valley.[Methods]Festuca arundinacea,Medicago sativa,and Hippophae rhamnoides were taken as the study materials,three kinds of plant configuration patterns including single herbaceous plant(F.arundinaceaor M.sativa),single shrub(H.rhamnoides)and grass-shrub combination(F.arundinacea-H.rhamnoides,M.sativa-H.rhamnoides,F.arundinacea-M.sativa-H.rhamnoides)were set up in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River.[Findings]Two years later,the soil nutrients and extracellular enzyme activities of surface railway slope soil were compared and analyzed.And the results showed,the total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)contents in the surface soil(0~20cm)were not significantly different among plant configuration patterns,while the content of total organic carbon(TOC)in the soil was weakly affected.The highest DOC content was found in M.sativa,while the lowest DOC content was found in the single shrub H.rhamnoides and M.sativa-H.rhamnoides,which was consistent with the trend of DON.The contents of microbial biomass carbon(MBC)in M.sativa and grass-shrub combination were significantly higher than that in F.arundinacea or H.rhamnoides.And the content of microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)was higher in M.sativaor in models of M.sativa with other plants.The plant configuration pattern of F.arundinacea-M.sativa-H.rhamnoides had higher activities of extracellular enzymes(sucrase,urease,alkaline phosphatase,cellobiose hydrolase and β-1,4-Nacetylglucosaminidase),and the activities of sucrase,urease,alkaline phosphatase,an dβ-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase were also higher in combination of M.sativa-H.rhamnoides.[Conclusions]It was concluded that the improvement of slope soil by vegetation was relatively slow in arid valleys,and the configuration pattern of F.arundinacea-M.sativa-H.rhamnoides,which has stronger metabolic activities of soil enzyme,can be used in the process of vegetation restoration in

关 键 词：植被修复 微生物生物量 土壤酶 植物配置模式 干旱河谷 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] S731.8[农业科学—林学]