渭河流域土地利用变化对径流的影响  

Impact of Land Use Change on Runoff in Weihe River Basin

作　　者：葛志楠 郝洁 鞠琴 董小涛[4] 郝振纯[1,2] GE Zhinan;HAO Jie;JU Qin;DONG Xiaotao;HAO Zhenchun(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology⁃Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Global Change and Water Cycle,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Materials and Structural Engineering Department,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Bureau of Comprehensive Development,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学全球变化与水循环国际合作联合实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]南京水利科学研究院材料结构研究所,江苏南京210029 [4]水利部综合事业局,北京100053

出　　处：《人民黄河》2020年第6期7-12,17,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402704);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51539003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2019B10914)。

摘　　要：近年来土地利用变化在人类活动影响下越趋明显,对其引起的水文循环变化的研究也受到越来越多的重视。为定量分析渭河流域咸阳站以上流域土地利用变化对径流的影响,根据1965-2015年径流长系列数据分析径流变化趋势及突变点。基于1986年、2000年和2015年3期土地利用数据,分析了土地利用面积及动态变化特征,结合SWAT模型,在1986年和2015年土地利用情景的基础上,定量分析了土地利用变化对径流的影响。结果表明:20世纪90年代初期流域径流发生突变;SWAT模型在渭河流域适用性良好;林地、草地和耕地为流域主要用地类型,耕地面积减小22%,主要转化为林地和草地,城镇用地增加显著;渭河流域土地利用变化对径流存在抑制作用,其影响小于10%。The trend of land use change caused by human activities has become obvious in recent years, and the research on the changes in the hydrological cycle caused by land use change has received more and more attention. In order to quantitatively analyze the impact of land use change on runoff in the region above the Xianyang station in Weihe River basin, this research analyzed the trend and the abrupt point of runoff using the measured data of long-term sequence from 1965 to 2015. Based on the land use data of 1986, 2000 and 2015, the area and dynamic change characteristics were analyzed respectively. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) was applied to quantitatively analyze the impact of land use change on runoff based on the land use scenarios in 1986 and 2015. The results show that the runoff is abrupt in the early 1990 s. The SWAT model has suitable application in Weihe River basin. The woodland, grassland and farmland are the main types of land use in the basin, and the farmland area is reduced by 22%, which is mainly converted into woodland and grassland. The area of urbanland is significantly increased. The land use change of Weihe River basin has a restraining effect on runoff and the contribution of which to runoff variation is less than 10%.

关 键 词：径流量 土地利用 SWAT模型 渭河流域 

分 类 号：P341[天文地球—水文科学]