闸孔出流条件下闸前冰块堆积形态研究  

Research on Accumulation Morphology of Ice in Front of Sluice Under the Condition of Outflow from Sluice Opening

作　　者：郑永朋[1] 牟献友[1] 冀鸿兰[1] 赵鸣雁 王丽艳 ZHENG Yongpeng;MOU Xianyou;JI Honglan;ZHAO Mingyan;WANG Liyan(School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Construction and Administration Bureau of South⁃to⁃North Water Diversion Middle Route Project,Beijing 100038,China;Inner Mongolia Survey and Design Institute of Hydraulic Conservancy and Hydroelectric,Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]南水北调中线干线工程建设管理局,北京100038 [3]内蒙古自治区水利水电勘测设计院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《人民黄河》2020年第6期27-31,36,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51969020,51569020);内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发资金项目(201802104)。

摘　　要：近年来,黄河凌汛灾害频繁发生,对河道建筑物影响巨大。依托黄河内蒙古段实际资料,结合模型试验与理论分析,基于相似原理,采用与冰密度近似的石蜡块作为模型,制定不同的试验方案对闸孔出流条件下冰的运移、水流挟冰能力进行研究;通过物理模型试验,量测不同工况下闸前水流行近流速v0、冰块稳定堆积长度L、冰块稳定堆积厚度D、冰块过闸临界流速ve。通过试验量测和数据分析,针对不同闸门开度,对无冰块通过闸门和有冰块通过闸门两种情况下冰块堆积形态进行分析,研究发现不同情况下冰块稳定堆积长度和厚度都有差异。通过物理模型试验建立了弗劳德数Fr与闸门相对开度e/h之间的关系,并得出不同闸门开度对应的冰块过闸临界流速及相应的弗劳德数。For the past few years, the ice run disaster of the Yellow River occurs frequently and greatly affects the river structures. This article based on the actual data of the Yellow River at Inner Mongolia section, combined with model test and theoretical analysis, based on the principle of similarity, used the model scale principle as a theoretical basis and the paraffin block with the approximate density with ice as a model studied the moving of ice and the ice carrying capacity of flow under the conditions of sluice outflow through using different testing schemes. In the physical model test, we measured the velocity V0 of water in front of the sluice, the steady accumulation length L of ice, the steady accumulation thickness D of ice and critical velocity Ve of the ice passed sluice. With the test measured and numerical analyzed, for different sluice gate openings, there were two cases of ice passed the sluice gate and no ice passed the sluice gate. After analyzing the ice accumulation formed in both cases, the study found the differences in ice steady accumulation length and thickness under different conditions. Analyzed the relationship between Froude number Fr and sluice gate relative opening e/h by using the physical model test, the critical velocity and the corresponding Froude number corresponding to the ice sluice at each gate opening were obtained. The physical model test carried out in the laboratory had a certain reference value for the prevention and control of flood disaster in the actual project.

关 键 词：物理模型试验 闸孔出流 冰块堆积形态 临界流速 弗劳德数 

分 类 号：TV663.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]