表见代理制度的规范化探析——以《民法典(草案)》第172条为中心  

A Probe into the Standardization of Apparent Agency System——Centered on Article 172 of the Civil Code(Draft)

作　　者：孙鹏飞 SUN Peng-fei(School of Civil and Commercial Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《韶关学院学报》2020年第4期42-46,共5页Journal of Shaoguan University

摘　　要：《民法典(草案)》第172条与《民法总则》第172条对表见代理中被代理人可归责性泯没不彰,并缺失善意相对人的选择权条款。应将被代理人有过错作为表见代理的规范构成要件之一,以协调无权代理制度体系,践行表见代理之本质内涵,达至利益衡平,彰显意思自治之私法精神。由被代理人对其无过错承担证明责任,善意相对人应承担提出初步证据证明被代理人有过错的责任。通过选择修改立法、颁布司法解释、指导案例指引以及利用法解释技术填补立法漏洞;并需赋予善意相对人以规范适用的选择权。Article 172 of the Civil Code(draft)and Article 172 of the general provisions of the Civil Law have nothing to do with the lack of accountability of the principal in the apparent agency and the absence of the right to choose the counterpart in good faith,which makes the apparent agency inevitably slip into the deadlock of normal operation.The principal’s fault should be regarded as one of the standard elements of apparent agency,so as to sort out and coordinate the system of unauthorized agency,practice the essential connotation of apparent agency,achieve interest equity,and highlight the spirit of private law of autonomy.The principal shall bear the burden of proving that the principal is not at fault,and the other party in good faith shall bear the burden of presenting prima facie evidence to prove that the principal is at fault.The legislative loopholes can be filled by amending the legislation,promulgating the judicial interpretation,guiding the cases and using the interpretation technology.The bona fide counterpart is given the right of choice to regulate its application.

关 键 词：表见代理 无权代理 被代理人 可归责性 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]