95例沙门菌肠炎临床特征和血清型及耐药分析  

Clinical features,serotype distribution and drug resistance in 95 patients with Salmonella enteritis

作　　者：李佐君[1] 钱冬梅[1] LI Zuo-jun;QIAN Dong-mei(Department of Infectious Diseases,Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院感染科,北京100730

出　　处：《中国临床研究》2020年第5期654-657,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Research

摘　　要：目的了解沙门菌肠炎患者临床特征、血清型分布和病原菌耐药性。方法回顾性分析2016年4月至2018年10月首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院肠道门诊收治的95例沙门菌肠炎患者的临床特征、血清型分布和病原菌耐药性。结果老年组(≥60岁)、中年组(45~59岁)和青年组(14~44岁)沙门菌阳性率比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),老年组显著高于青年组(P<0.017)。沙门菌肠炎患者大便性状多为水样便(57.89%),伴随症状依次为发热(68.42%)、腹痛(47.37%)、恶心(44.21%)、呕吐(14.74%)、里急后重(9.47%)、脱水(5.26%)。95株沙门菌分属于16种血清型,优势血清型为肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌,分别占53.68%和14.74%。95株沙门菌对头孢曲松(95.84%)和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑(87.37%)较为敏感,对氨苄西林(55.79%)、氨苄西林/舒巴坦(30.53%)耐药性较高。结论老年人是沙门菌肠炎的高发人群。沙门菌肠炎患者临床特点多为水样便、发热、腹痛、恶心等,优势血清型为肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌。沙门菌对头孢曲松、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑敏感率较高,对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦耐药率较高。Objective To study the clinical characteristics,serotype distribution and drug resistance in patients with Salmonella enteritis.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical characteristics,serotype distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacterial in 95 patients with Salmonella enteritis admitted to hospital from April 2016 to October 2018.Results The positive rate of Salmonella was statistically different among the elderly group(≥60 years old),middle-aged group(45-59 years old)and youth group(14-44 years old),and it was significantly higher in the elderly group than that in youth group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.017).The symptom incidences were 57.89% of watery stool(stool property),68.42% of fever,47.37% of abdominal pain,44.21% of nausea,14.74% of vomiting,9.47% of tenesmus,and 5.26% of dehydration,respectively in patients. Out of 16 serotypes in 95 Salmonella strains,the dominant serotypes were Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium,accounting for 53.7% and 14.7% respectively.These Salmonella strains were sensitive to ceftriaxone(95.8%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(87.4%) and resistant to ampicillin(55.8%) and ampicillin/sulbactam(30.5%).Conclusions The elderly are at high risk of Salmonella enteritis,with main clinical manifestations of watery stool,fever,abdominal pain,nausea,etc.The most prevalent serotypes are Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium.Salmonella is high sensitivity to ceftriaxone,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and high resistance to ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam.

关 键 词：沙门菌 肠炎 血清型 药敏试验 水样便 抗生素 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]