犁旋式秸秆还田联合作业机设计与试验  

Design and test of the plough and rotary burying straw returning combine

作　　者：张文良 杜俊 张居敏[1] 刘政源 李栋 李支轶 骆双成 夏俊芳[1] ZHANG Wen-liang;DU Jun;ZHANG Ju-min;LIU Zheng-yuan;LI Dong;LI Zhi-yi;LUO Shuang-cheng;XIA Jun-fang(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2020年第2期190-200,208,共12页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503136);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301300).

摘　　要：【目的】针对长江中下游稻油轮作地区土壤黏重、秸秆量大,传统耕整机械作业后土壤环境不能完全满足种子着床扎根的问题,设计了一款集防缠草、破土犁耕、秸秆旋埋、碎土、平地等多项功能于一体的秸秆犁旋还田联合作业机.【方法】为了满足破土犁耕功能开展了犁体结构设计和参数优化,对犁体和旋耕刀辊进行了合理排布,重点探究了两种不同的犁体和旋埋的相互配合作用过程.【结果】田间试验表明:犁耕作业可有效增加耕深,降低功率消耗,单独旋埋深度仅能达到15.7 cm,但犁耕作业后旋埋,两种犁体旋埋深度分别增加到17.8、17.6 cm,旋埋功率反而减少了0.45 kW、0.5 kW;犁旋联合作业功率较先犁耕后旋埋的二次作业功率之和减少了23.3%、17.6%;秸秆埋覆率为90.5%和89.8%;【结论】该机可适应秸秆量大的田块耕整,犁耕深度、旋埋深度、耕深稳定性、平整度等各作业性能均满足耕整地的农艺要求.【Objective】 In view of the mid-lower Yangtze river rice rape rotation in heavy clay soil,large amount of straw,and the soil environment still cannot meet the problem of seed implantation and taking root after the traditional land preparation machinery operation,designed a set of anti-entangling grass,break up the soil and plough,straw rotary buried,crushed the ground,flatten the land and so on many functions in one of combine machine for straw ploughing and rotary burying returning.【Method】 In order to meet the function of breaking up the soil and ploughing,the structure design and parameter optimization of plough body were carried out,the rational arrangement of plough body and rotary plough knife roller was carried out,and the mutual cooperation between two different plough bodies and rotary burying is mainly explored.【Result】 Field experiments show that ploughing can effectively increase the depth of ploughing and reduce the power consumption,the rotary burying depth can only reach 15.7 cm,but ploughing operations after rotary burying,the rotary burying depth of the two plowers increased to 17.8 cm and 17.6 cm respectively,the rotary burying power decrease by 0.45 kW and 0.5 kW.The combined power of ploughing and rotating is 23.3% and 17.6% lower than that of the combined power of ploughing and rotating burying.The straw burial rate was 90.5% and 89.8%.【Conclusion】 It can adapt to fields with large amount of straw.The ploughing depth,rotary burying depth,ploughing depth stability and flatness all meet the agronomic requirements of tillage preparation.

关 键 词：农业机械 秸秆还田 防缠草 犁体 旋埋 联合作业 

分 类 号：S222.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]