人工智能的双重效应与中国智能经济发展  

Dual Effect of Artificial Intelligence on the Economy and the Development of China’s Intelligent Economy

作　　者：马相东[1] MA Xiangdong

机构地区：[1]中共北京市委党校/北京行政学院,北京西城100044

出　　处：《中共中央党校（国家行政学院）学报》2020年第2期59-66,共8页Journal of The Party School of The Central Committee of The C.P.C（Chinese Academy of Governance）

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“对外直接投资对北京产业结构升级的影响效应与发展对策研究”(15JGB129)。

摘　　要：人工智能在助推智能制造、智能金融和智能农业等高端高效智能经济加速发展的同时,也或将对就业结构、收入分配、经济安全等方面产生不可小觑的负面效应。借鉴人工智能的国际发展经验,推进中国智能经济健康发展的策略与路径包括:发挥三大比较优势,走中国特色智能经济发展道路;加大数学及算法等基础研发投入,创建政产学研用一体的人工智能创新体系;坚持以人民为中心,加快人工智能技术在经济民生领域的转化与应用;构建多层次人才培养体系,防控智能经济的结构性失业风险;制定对机器人征税政策,防控智能经济的收入不平等风险;加快治理体系建设,防控智能经济的隐私和安全风险。Artificial Intelligence technology could accelerate the development of Intelligent Economy,such as Smart Manufacturing,Smart Finance and Smart Agriculture while it may also have a negative impact on employment structure,income distribution,and privacy security.Drawing on the experiences of developed countries such as the US,Japan,Germany and the UK,China could promote the healthy development of its Intelligent Economy in six aspects.First,take the road of intelligent economic development with Chinese characteristics giving full play to the three major comparative advantages.Second,increase the investment in the basic research and development of mathematics and algorithms to create an AI innovation system integrating government,industry,education,and research.Third,accelerate the transformation and application of AI technology in the field of economy and people’s livelihood.Forth,build a multi-level talent training system to prevent and control the structural unemployment risk of intelligent economy.Fifth,develop taxation policy on robots to prevent and control the income inequality risk of Intelligent Economy.Finally,build the governance system of AI to prevent and control the privacy and security risk of intelligent economy.

关 键 词：人工智能 经济效应 智能经济 收入分配 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]