纳米磁性氧化铁对玉米根际土壤真菌群落结构和功能的影响  

Effects of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on the structure and function of fungal community in maize rhizosphere soil

作　　者：曹际玲 冯有智[2] 林先贵[2] CAO Jiling;FENG Youzhi;LIN Xiangui(School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福建350007 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏210008

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2020年第2期357-363,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371255,31800520)资助。

摘　　要：纳米产品的广泛应用导致纳米材料不可避免地进入农田土壤,对农田生态系统产生潜在影响.本研究以纳米磁性氧化铁(Fe_3O_4)为研究对象,以玉米(Zea mays L.)为供试植物,采用盆栽试验方法,模拟不同纳米Fe_3O_4水平(0.1、1.0、10.0 mg/kg)的土壤,并以相同水平的微米Fe_3O_4为纳米效应的对照,利用Illumina高通量测序技术对土壤真菌群落结构进行分析,并结合FUNGuild解析土壤真菌功能对纳米Fe_3O_4的响应.通过比较不同Fe_3O_4处理的土壤真菌多样性和群落结构发现,微米Fe_3O_4和纳米Fe_3O_4对土壤真菌多样性的影响较小,但10.0 mg/kg施加水平的纳米Fe_3O_4显著(P <0.05)改变了土壤真菌群落结构,使真菌群落结构发生显著分异(P<0.05),主要表现为降低了篮状菌Talarmyces、镰刀菌Fusarium、隐球菌Cryptococcus和被孢霉Mortierella等的相对丰度. FUNGuild分析发现10.0 mg/kg的纳米Fe_3O_4降低了腐生营养型真菌的相对丰度,但增加了共生营养型和病理营养型真菌的相对丰度.由此可见,一定浓度的纳米Fe_3O_4可显著改变土壤真菌群落结构和功能,对植物生长和土壤养分循环产生潜在影响.(图3表2参52)The inevitable release of nanoparticles into agricultural fields with the widespread application of nano-products may pose risks to agricultural ecosystems.Soil fungi play key roles in soil nutrient cycling and plant health and productivity,but their responses to nanoparticles remain ambiguous.The objective of this investigation was to determine the influence of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on the soil fungal community and its functions.In this study,a pot experiment was established to investigate the responses of soil fungal assemblages to different application levels of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(nano Fe3O4;0.1,1.0,and 10.0 mg/kg)as well as their counterparts,bulk Fe3O4 particles,using Illumina sequencing.Meantime,FUNGuild was used to investigate the influence of nano Fe3O4 on soil fungal functional groups.The sequencing data revealed that neither bulk Fe3O4 nor nano Fe3O4 exerted a significant influence on soil fungal diversity.However,nano Fe3O4 at 10.0 mg/kg greatly(P<0.05)shifted the fungal community composition,resulting in a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Talarmyces,Fusarium,Cryptococcu,and Mortierella.In addition,based on the FUNGuild analysis,a lower proportion of saprotrophs and higher relative abundances of pathotroph and symbiotroph fungi were identified in soils amended with 10.0 mg/kg nano Fe3O4 in comparison to that of the control.The nano Fe3O4 at high concentrations negatively influenced soil fungal community structure and saprotroph fungi but may potentially increase the abundance of pathotroph fungi,which may hinder plant growth and soil fertility.These findings greatly contribute towards building a comprehensive understanding of the potential impacts of nanoparticles on agricultural ecosystems.

关 键 词：纳米FE3O4 高通量测序 FUNGuild 真菌群落结构 生态功能 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S513[农业科学—农业基础科学]