语言共性对大学生英语关系从句准确度的动态影响  

Dynamic Effects of Language Universals on UndergraduatesAccuracy of English Relative Clauses

作　　者：蔡金亭 Cai Jinting(School of Foreign Studies,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics 200433,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学外国语学院,上海市200433

出　　处：《现代外语》2020年第3期341-352,共12页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“双外语学习中语言迁移的多维动态研究”(19AYY008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着学习者二语水平的提高,可及性、嵌入性与生命性对他们使用英语关系从句的准确度有什么影响?关于这些语言共性的假说能否预测各类英语关系从句的准确度差异?为了回答这些问题,本文跟踪79名大学生4个学期,通过看图作文,收集了他们的五次英语记叙文语料,聚焦于其中各类关系从句的正确率。研究发现:第一,在各次测试中,可及性和嵌入性对大学生使用英语关系从句的正确率都没有影响,各类关系从句的正确率顺序均不支持可及性层级假说、感知难度假说和主宾语层级假说。第二,生命性对关系从句的正确率有一定影响,但生命性层级的预测只在较高二语水平阶段才成立。在各次测试中,生命性与可及性都没有交互影响;生命性与可及性、嵌入性的交互影响在低水平阶段不存在,但在较高水平阶段有逐渐增强的趋势。How do accessibility,embededness and animacy dynamically affect L2 learners accuracy of English relative clauses(RCs)with their improvement of L2 proficiency?Can the relevant hypotheses on these language universals predict the differences in their accuracy of using various English RCs?In order to answer these questions,the author successively elicited five sessions of English narratives from 79 Chinese undergraduates using picture describing task over four semesters and calculated the accuracy percentages of various RCs in these tests.Consequently,the following findings were obtained.Firstly,in all the tests,accessibility and embededness did not affect participants accuracy in using various RCs,as reflected by the fact that the distribution of accuracy percentages across the RCs did not support Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy Hypothesis(NPAHH),Perceived Difficulty Hypothesis(PDH),or Subject Object Hierarchy Hypothesis(SOHH).Secondly,animacy did affect the accuracy of RCs,with animacy hierarchy supported only at higher L2 stages.Additionally,no interactive effect between animacy and accessibility was discovered in any of the five tests,whereas the interactive effect among animacy,accessibility and embededness tended to increase at higher L2 stages,but was not identified at lower L2 stages.

关 键 词：关系从句 可及性 嵌入性 生命性 历时研究 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]