不同灌溉水量下春小麦复种西兰花产量及水分利用效率研究  

Research on the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat Replanted Broccoli under Different Irrigation Water Volumes

作　　者：李泽坤[1] 田德龙[1] 徐冰[1] 任杰[1] LI Ze-kun;TIAN De-long;XU Bing;REN Jie(Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2020年第3期25-28,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项、水利科技专项“河套灌区粮经作物滴灌复种增效技术模式研究”。

摘　　要：为降低河套灌区土壤盐渍化,充分利用光、热资源,提高闲置农田利用率,进行了不同灌溉量下春小麦-西兰花复种试验研究,通过对产量、水分利用效率及氮肥偏生产力影响的研究分析,以寻求春小麦-西兰花复种模式下的最佳灌溉量。结果表明:春小麦不同灌溉量(2175、2700、3225 m^3/hm^2)与西兰花不同灌溉量(2325、2730、3000 m^3/hm^2)均可提高相应产量及水分利用效率。其中,春小麦灌溉量为2700 m^3/hm^2时,产量、水分利用效率及氮肥偏生产力分别提高28.72%、38.40%、94.81%,整体上增加效果较佳;西兰花灌溉量为2730 m^3/hm^2时,产量、水分利用效率及氮肥偏生产力分别提高32.83%、42.56%、77.82%,增加效果较佳。通过对两种作物产量、水分利用效率及氮肥偏生产力增幅效果综合考虑,建议春小麦-西兰花复种模式下各自最佳灌灌量为2700~2730 m^3/hm^2。In order to reduce soil salinization in Hetao Irrigation District,make full use of light and heat resources,and improve the utilization rate of idle farmland,the experiment of spring wheat-broccoli multiple cropping under different irrigation amounts is carried out,and the effects on yield,water use efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity are studied.An analysis is made to find the optimal amount of irrigation in the spring wheat-broccoli multiple cropping mode.The results show that the different irrigation amount(2175,2700,3225 m^3/hm^2)and the different irrigation amounts of broccoli(2325,2730,3000 m^3/hm^2)can increase the corresponding yield and water use efficiency.Among them,when the irrigation amount of spring wheat is 2700 m^3/hm^2,the yield,water use efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity increases by 28.72%,38.40%and 94.81%,respectively,and the overall increase effect is better.When the irrigation amount of broccoli is 2730 m^3/hm^2,the yield,water use efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity increases by 32.83%,42.56%and 77.82%,respectively,and the increase effect is better.Through comprehensive consideration of the yield,water use efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity increase in the two crops,it is suggested that the optimal irrigation amount of spring wheat-broccoli multiple cropping mode should be 2700~2730 m^3/hm^2.

关 键 词：春小麦 西兰花 产量 水分利用效率 氮肥偏生产力 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S274