基于好氧反硝化的SND生物滴滤塔除氨机制及微生物学分析  

Ammonia removal and microbiological analysis of the SND bio-trickling filter based on aerobic denitrification

作　　者：高雪晴 范玉婧 高志岭[1,2] 刘春敬 谢建治[1,2] 郑董兴 王婧瑶[1,2] GAO Xueqing;FAN Yujing;GAO Zhiling;LIU Chunjing;XIE Jianzhi;ZHENG Dongxing;WANG Jingyao(College of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000;Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,保定071000 [2]河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,保定071000

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第4期1422-1429,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.51908189);河北省自然科学基金(No.B2019204163);河北省重点研发计划项目(No.18226607D);河北省高等学校科学技术研究青年基金(No.QN2016255)。

摘　　要：采用生物滴滤法除氨时,进气中的氧气会抑制生物反硝化,导致营养液中出现硝酸盐累积,不能真正实现氮素污染物的去除.本研究结合好氧反硝化理论,构建了同步硝化反硝化(SND)生物滴滤塔,探究了SND生物滴滤塔的除氨效率及氮转化规律,并采用16S rRNA技术解析了生物滴滤塔的微生物种群结构.结果表明,与对照生物滴滤塔相比,当停留时间为67 s时,SND生物滴滤塔可快速启动且除氨性能稳定,NH3去除效率可达95%以上.当停留时间缩短为16 s时,SND生物滴滤塔的NH3去除效率仍能达到90%,且具有较低的硝酸盐累积特征.高通量测序结果表明,SND生物滴滤塔具有更高的微生物多样性和稀有物种丰富度,其特有的优势菌属主要为黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium).The presence of oxygen can inhibit the denitrification process during bio-trickling removal of NH3, and cause nitrate accumulation in the nutrient solution and eventually result in poor removal of nitrogenous pollutants. Based on the aerobic denitrification theory, this study constructed a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND) bio-trickling filter, then evaluated the NH3 removal performance and nitrogen transformation, and analyzed the microbial diversities using 16S rRNA technique in comparison with a control bio-trickling filter. Results showed that, in contrast to the control, the SND bio-trickling filter had a shorter startup period and showed stable removal efficiency of over 95% with an empty bed resident time(EBRT) of 67 s, and a NH3 removal efficiency of 90% could be reached even when the EBRT was 16 s, meanwhile, low accumulation of nitrate in the solutions were observed throughout. Furthermore, the high throughput sequencing results showed that the SND bio-trickling filter had a higher microbial diversity and abundance of rare species than the control bio-trickling filter, and the dominant bacteria mainly belonged to Flavobacterium.

关 键 词：生物滴滤塔 氨 同步硝化反硝化 微生物种群结构 

分 类 号：X701.7[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172