半弯曲重穗大粒型粳稻理想株型育种  

Breeding of Ideal Plant Type for Semi-curved Heavy Panicle and Large Grain Japonica Rice

作　　者：于福安[1] 于澎湃 顾红艳[1] 郑爱军 杨庆文[3] 卢东琪 吴克岭 YU Fu'an;YU Pengpai;GU Hongyan;ZHENG Aijun;YANG Qingwen;LU Dongqi;WU Keling(Tianjin Quality Agricultural Products Development Demonstration Center/Tianjin Original Seed Farm,Tianjin 301505,China;Plantation Technology Extension Service Department,Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center,Tianjin 300061,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市优质农产品开发示范中心/天津市原种场,天津301505 [2]天津市农业发展服务中心种植业技术推广服务部,天津300061 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国稻米》2020年第3期32-33,42,共3页China Rice

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化资金项目“优质稻津原E28、11、17与机插秧新技术体系集成示范”(2011GB2A100005);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目“超高产水稻新品种津原89与机械化生产技术集成推广”(201601340);天津市重大农业技术推广项目“抗逆优质水稻新品种与绿色生产技术集成推广”(NGTGZD-2017-06)。

摘　　要：通过对国内外优质高产水稻品种的株型分析,针对弯曲穗型和直立穗型存在的问题,确定了半弯曲重穗大粒型粳稻的育种技术路线,以此为指导培育出优质抗逆超高产品种津原89。其根系发达、光能利用率高,同时具备了直立穗型品种叶片直立、抗倒伏、高产和弯曲穗型品种穗大、灌浆快、品质优等优异性状,较好解决了水稻优质、抗逆、超高产难以兼顾的技术难题。生产田普遍产量达800 kg/667 m2左右、百亩片产量达930 kg/667 m2、盐碱较重稻田产量达700~760 kg/667 m2。半弯曲重穗大粒型粳稻品种后代具有遗传力强、育种稳定快的特点,创新了粳稻育种技术体系和优异性状连锁的种质资源,实现了粳稻理想株型育种的新突破。Aiming at the problems of curved panicle type rice and erect panicle type rice, the breeding technical route of semi-curved japonica rice with heavy spikes and large grains was determined. With the technical route, we have bred the japonica rice variety Jinyuan 89 with fine quality, stress resistant and high yield, which possessed the advantages of erect panicle type and curved panicle type. This variety has the characteristics of strong root systems, high rate of light energy utilization, leaves erect, lodging resistance,large ear and grouting fast, solved the technical problems of rice quality, stress resistance and super high yield that difficult to take in-to account. The yield of the general production field is about 800 kg/667 m^2, the yield of the demonstration field is about 930 kg/667 m^2, and the yield of the heavier-saline field is 700~760 kg/667 m^2. The semi-curved heavy panicle and large grain japonica rice has the characteristics of strong heredity and fast stability of breeding, which innovated japonica rice breeding technology system and linked germplasm resources with excellent traits, and achieved a new breakthrough in breeding ideal plant type of japonica rice.

关 键 词：理想株型 半弯曲重穗大粒型 优质 抗逆 超高产 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]