曼德尔施塔姆《失眠·荷马·绷紧的风帆》的三重意义空间  

The Triple Meaning Spaces of Insomnia.Homer.Taut sails by Mandelstam

作　　者：裴丹莹[1] Pei Danying

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学文学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2020年第1期13-24,共12页Russian Literature & Arts

摘　　要：《失眠·荷马·绷紧的风帆》是曼德尔施塔姆的代表作之一,其意义空间可从三方面展开分析:其一,俄罗斯诗歌素来有抒写失眠的传统,曼氏另辟蹊径,在集体失眠的语境之下,展示了深邃的文化象征联想,将世界文化纳入包罗万象的俄罗斯文化意识之中,完成了一次成功的文化突袭;其二,"失眠"一诗出色地展现了诗歌互文性的魅力,乌拉诺斯、克洛诺斯、爱神阿佛洛狄忒、海伦等神话人物与荷马、赫西俄德、奥维德、但丁、普希金、莱蒙托夫、费特等作家、诗人共同编织了该诗极为致密、精巧的文化肌理,呈现了一场盛大的"引语狂欢";其三,该诗是一首有关诗歌创作的诗,暗含着曼氏诗学理念及艺术技巧的展示,同时其诗学理想与20世纪现代主义诗人T.S.艾略特、埃兹拉·庞德等人明显相契合,代表了俄罗斯的世纪之声。Insomnia.Homer.Taut sails is one of the representative works of Mandelstam.Its meaning space can be analyzed from three aspects.First,there is a tradition of describing insomnia in Russian poetry for a long time.Under the linguistic context of the collective insomnia,Mandelstam found a new way to accomplish a successful cultural raid by showing the profound cultural,symbolic imagination and introducing the world culture into the comprehensive Russian cultural consciousness.Second,the poem insomnia excellently presents the charm of poetic intertextuality.All of the following mythological figures and the writers or poets,Uranus,Kronos,Aphrodite,Helen,Homer,Hesiod,Ovid,Dante,Pushkin,Lermontov,and Fet,are jointly weaved into a very dense and exquisite cultural texture of the poem so that it presents a grand"Allusion Carnival".Third,the poem,as a work about poetry,implies and shows Mandelstam’s poetic ideas and artistic skills.At the same time it represents the voice of the century in Russia and obviously corresponds to modernist poets T.S.Eliot,Ezra Pound and so on in 20 th century with poetic ideal.

关 键 词：曼德尔施塔姆 集体失眠 互文性 荷马 奥维德 但丁 

分 类 号：I512.072[文学—其他各国文学]