预应力抗震加固技术在农村危房加固改造中的应用  

Application of prestressed seismic retrofitting technology in strengthening and reconstruction of rural dilapidated residences

作　　者：刘航[1] 岳永盛 韩明杰[1] 田玉基[2] LIU Hang;YUE Yongsheng;HAN Mingjie;TIAN Yuji(Beijing Building Construction Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100039,China;School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市建筑工程研究院有限责任公司,北京100039 [2]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《建筑结构》2020年第9期127-132,共6页Building Structure

摘　　要：北京市怀柔区某农村住宅为单层砖木混和承重房屋,为农民自建房,基本无抗震设防措施。在北京市农村危房改造工程中,对该房屋进行了结构安全性鉴定,结果表明其不满足现行鉴定标准的要求,需采取相应的加固措施。为此,提出了建筑山墙和后墙采用预应力技术加固,房屋四角增设钢筋网砂浆带构造柱,山墙和后墙顶增设钢筋网砂浆带圈梁,前墙顶增设钢拉杆,木屋架之间增设型钢剪刀撑的加固方案。采用有限元分析方法对加固前后的房屋进行了模拟地震作用的弹塑性动力时程分析。结果表明,采用上述方法加固后,房屋在小震下的地震反应与未加固房屋较为相近,在中震和大震下,可以有效降低位移反应,减少地震损伤。该加固方法在提高房屋安全性和抗震能力的同时,房间使用面积不减少,建筑外观也基本没有改变,全面满足了加固改造需求。A rural residence in Huairou District of Beijing is a single-story brick-wood mixed load-bearing residence, which is built for farmers by themselves. There are basically no seismic measures. In the reconstruction project of rural dilapidated residences in Beijing, the structural safety appraisal of the residence was carried out, and the results show that it does not meet the requirements of the current appraisal standards, and corresponding strengthening measures are required. To this end, it was proposed that the gable and back wall of the building be strengthening with prestressing technology. The four corners of the house were provided with strengthening mesh mortar belt structural columns, the gable and back wall top were provided with strengthening mesh mortar ring beam, steel tie rod was added at the top of front wall, and the strengthening scheme of steel cross bracing was set between wooden roof trusses. The finite element analysis method was used to conduct the elastoplastic dynamic-time history analysis of the residence before and after strengthening. The results show that the earthquake response of the residences under frequent earthquakes is similar to that of unreinforced residences after the above methods are used for strengthening. Under fortification and rare earthquakes, the displacement response and earthquake damage are effectively reduced. The strengthening method improves the safety and seismic resistance of the residence, while the area of the room is not reduced, and the building appearance is basically unchanged, which fully meets the needs of strengthening and reconstruction.

关 键 词：农村住宅 砖木结构 后张预应力 抗震加固 动力时程分析 

分 类 号：TU362.2[建筑科学—结构工程] TU317.1