中日劳动法规视角下职业球员的劳动者属性  

Employee Status of Professional Soccer Players Based on the Labor Laws of China and Japan

作　　者：娜鹤雅[1] 仲琦 NA Heya;ZHONG Qi(Law School,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Department of Industrial Relations,The Japan Institute for Labor Policy and Training,Tokyo 177-8502,Japan)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872 [2]日本劳动政策研究研修机构劳资关系部,东京177-8502

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2020年第6期40-46,共7页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

摘　　要：2016年人力资源和社会保障部等部门联合发布的《关于加强和改进职业足球俱乐部劳动保障管理的意见》肯定了职业球员适用《劳动法》,但该意见对全盘适用抑或选择性适用《劳动法》、个别劳动关系法与集体劳动关系法适用范围是否一致等问题未做出细化规定。通过对日本劳动法规及日本学界关于职业球员劳动者属性认定的分析,认为中国在认定职业球员为劳动者的同时,仍有必要分别划定职业球员在个别劳动关系法和集体劳动关系法上的适用范围,并设定收入门槛,收入额在收入门槛内的适用或部分适用个别劳动关系法,反之则依据集体劳动关系法通过工会与使用者自主交涉,从而保障全体职业球员的基本权益。In 2016,the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other departments of China jointly released the document of Suggestions on Strengthening and Improving Labor Security Management of Professional Soccer Clubs,which confirms the application of Labor Law to professional soccer players.However,there are no detailed stipulations on the application of Labor Law entirely or selectively,nor on the consistency of applicable scope between individual labor law and collective labor law.Through the analysis of Japan’s labor laws and theories,it is held that it would be necessary to delimit the scope of application of professional soccer players in individual labor law and collective labor law respectively while recognizing professional soccer players as laborers in China.In addition,income thresholds should be set thus those whose income does not exceed the threshold could be applicable or partially applicable to individual labour law.On the other hand,however,the others could negotiate with employers through trade unions based on collective labor law.

关 键 词：职业球员 劳动者属性 劳动法 日本劳动法规 个别劳动关系法 集体劳动关系法 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]