初级德语学习者德语清、浊塞音的感知特征  

Perception of Voicless Voicing and Devoicing in German words by Chinese German Leaners

作　　者：王红斌[1] WANG Hong-bin

机构地区：[1]北京第二外国语学院文化与传播学院,北京100024

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2020年第1期45-49,共5页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“第二语言学习者语音感知能力的发展”(16YYB010)。

摘　　要：目的探讨初级德语学习者对德语词首、词尾三组清、浊塞音的感知特征和脑偏侧化特征。方法以非随机任意抽样法抽取以汉语为母语的21名学习德语16周的初级德语学习者作为研究对象,采用双耳分听技术对其进行德语词听觉测试。结果由实验设计1显示:①词尾浊音清化塞音/p、t、k/感知的错误率显著高于词尾浊塞音/b、d、g/(P<0.05);②词首浊塞音/d/感知的错误率显著高于词首清塞音/t/感知的错误率(P<0.05);③右耳(大脑左半球)感知词尾浊塞音/d/的错误率边缘显著低于词尾浊音清化塞音/t/的错误率(P=0.05),左耳(大脑右半球)感知词首浊塞音/g/的错误率边缘显著高于词首清塞音/k/的错误率(P=0.05)。④识别/b、p/时,右手作为反应手是优势手(P<0.05)。由实验设计2显示:⑤词尾浊音清化塞音/p、k/感知错误率显著高于词首清塞音/p、k/(P<0.05);⑥词首的浊塞音/g/识别的错误率显著高于词尾浊塞音/g/的错误率(P<0.05)。⑦左耳(大脑右半球)感知词尾浊音清化塞音/t/的错误率显著低于右耳(大脑左半球)感知词尾浊音清化塞音/t/的错误率(P<0.05)。⑧识别/b、p、k/时,右手作为反应是优势手。来自入声方言区德语习得者和北京籍的德语习得者德语清、浊塞音识别的平均错误率未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。结论分布于词首的清、浊塞音,词尾浊音清化塞音的识别有差异,这种差异与语言类型有关,同时还受到初级德语学习者的第二语言英语、母语普通话以及方言的影响。Objective To investigate the perceptual characteristics and brain lateralization characteristics of voiceless and voiced stops in German words-initial and final positions perceived by junior German learners.Method The three group of German consonants in German words-initial and final positions were used as experimental materials with dichotic listening technology to test 21 Chinese-speaking German Learners who learned German about 16 weeks,18 years old and then error rates were counted.Results In terms of error rate for identifying the three group of German consonants from Experimental Design 1,there was a significantly higher error rate of Final devoicing in the word–final position than voiceless and voiced in the word–initial position(P<0.05).There was a significantly higher for the error rate of voiced/d/in the word–initial position than voiceless/t/in the word–initial position(P<0.05).The error rate of Chinese-speaking German Learners’who used the right ear(left hemisphere of brain)to perceive the voiced/d/in the word–Final position is higher than voiceless/t/in the word–Final position(P=0.05).The error rate of for those who used the left ear(right hemisphere of brain)to perceive the voiced/g/in the word–initial position was less than voiceless/k/in the word–initial position(P=0.05).Chinese-speaking German Learners’reaction to/b/and/p/suggests that they used the right hands as a hand of reaction were advantageous hand(P<0.05).In terms of error rates for identifying the three group of German consonants from Experimental Design 2,there was a significantly higher error rate of final devoicing/p/and/k/in the word–final position than voiceless/p/and/k/in the word–initial position(P<0.05).there was significantly higher for the error rate of voiced[g]in the word–initial position than voiceless/g/in the word–Final position(P<0.05).Chinese-speaking German Learners’reaction to voiceless/t/in the word–Final position suggests that their left ears(the right hemisphere)were the advantageous

关 键 词：清浊音 浊音清化 感知特征 脑偏侧化 语言类型 

分 类 号：H33[语言文字—德语]